= 687 
.C6 H2 
-opy 1 




^" TT K 



ADE ANNUAL, 



History of Cloud County, 



5 EARLIEST SETTLEMENT TO THE THE PRESENT DAY. 



-WITH A SEPAUATK HISTORY OF TllE- 



TowNs AND Cities of the County. 



atlstics and Population, Climate and Recources; 



Rainfall for Twenty Years. 



The first Settler. 



COKCORDIA, KANSAS: 
BLADE STEAM, PRINTING HOUSE. 



A 



1«84 



BLAfrw 



THEE 

BLADE ANNUAL 



History of Cloud County, 



ITS EARLIEST SETTLEMENT TO THE PRESENT DAY 



WITH A SKPAKATE HISTOKV < >F IHE 



Towns and Cities of the County. 



tistics asd Population, Climate and Resources; 

. RAINFALL FOR 20 YEARS, 



By ,/. M. HAG AM AS 

I he First ?^ealer 



COKCOKDIA. KAMSA.^: 

BLADE STEAM PRINTING HOUSE. 



'o3 



Eutered iK.coraiug to Act of CougreSB. iu (lie .>eai 1S(<4, liv 
J. M. HAGAMAN, 
Iu the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Waehiiia tun, I), 






Official Directory-Stating Salary 



OkKIOEIJS of the L'XITEI) blATEft. 

President Chestek A. Arthir, New York ij'oO.OUO 

Vice President (acting) George V. Edmunds, New Hampshire, H,UUO 

I Secretary State F. T. Fkelixghuysex, New Jersey' 8,UU0 

j Secretary Treasury . . .High McCulloh, Indiana .S,UOO 

I Secretary Interior. . . .Hexry M. Teller, Ccjlorado 8,000 

Cabinet. . ■; Secretary War Robt. T. Lincoln, Hlinois H,000 

I Secretary Navy WE Chandler, New Hampshire y,000 

I Attorney General B. H. Brewster, Pennsylvania 8,000 

[ Postmaster General. . ..Frank Hatton, Iowa 8,(:00 

Covimissioner of Agriculture Geo. B. Lorixg, Massachusetts 8,000 

Speaker House John G. Carlisle, Kentucky 8.000 



r- o y \ J . J . 1x(;alls, of Atchison .j,000 

j^an^as Senators ^^ Fre.ston B. Plumb, of Emporia o.OOO 

Member of Congress, Fifth District. .John A. Anderson, of Manhattan.. . . o.OOO 



State Officers. 

Oovernor Geo. W. Glick, (.f Atchison |8,000 

Lieutenant Governor D. W. Finxey, of Woodson ,6, 

Secretary State James Smith, of Marshall 2,000 

Auditor E. P. McCabe, of Graham. . . , 2,000 

Treasurer Samuel T. Howe, of Marion 2,500 

Supt. Public Instruction H. C. Speer, of Davis 2;000 

Attorney General W. A. Johnston, of Ottawa 1,500 



(Jhief Justice Albert H. Hortox, of Atchison $3,000 

",„„^ •^. T„f^„^ S David J. Brewer, of Leavenworth. . . 3,000 
Associate Justices \^^^ Valentine, of Topeka 3,000 



.state officers elected NOVEMBER, 1884. 

Governor Johx A. Martin, of Atchison 

Lieutenant Governor A. P. Riddle, of Ci'awford. 

Secretary State E. B. Allen, of Sedgwdck. 

Auditor^ E. P. McCabe, of Graham. 

Treasurer Samuel T. Howe, of Marion. 

Attorney General S. B. Bradford, of Osage. 

Supt. Public Instruction . . . .J. H. Lawhead, of Bourbon. 

Chief Justice A. H. Hortox, of Atchison. 

Associate Justice W, A. Johxston, of Ottawa 



Judge District Court, 12th District. .Edwin Hutchinson, of Marshall $2,500 

■State-Senator, 29th District I. D. Young, of Mitchell 3 

JiP'nvP<iP-ntnH7'^^ j 81st Dist. ) G. M. Kreger, of Oakland township. 3 

Mepiesemantes. ^ ^^d Dist. \D. B. Moore, of Summit township 3 



Roster of City Officers, and Concordia Business Directory. 



Mayor, 



Councilmen 



City Attorney 
Marshal 
Night Watch, 
Clerk - 
Treasurer 



W. F. Groesbeck 

Will. Conner 

Fred La RocguE 

Thus. McGiire 

A. H. BoLINGER 

- W.G. Reid 

Theodore Laing 

Geo. W. Rigby 

Ed. Law 

L. N. Houston 

- F. J. Atwood 



c^>? II -^ u vc ^J» ''T' i r c c lo : 1 1 . 



Taylor & Neitzel, Druggists, first 
doorVest of Blade orticf. 

Frisbie & PosTON, Butchers, south 
side (jth street between Broadway & Was 

Marshall, C H,Boots and Shoes, Iron 
Clad, south side btu street. 

Wade, S, Blacksmith, south side 6th 
St. east of Bro.idway. 

Hansox, H ^, General Merchandise 
south side (ith street b'w t Br'd and W. 

First National Bank, .south east corn- 
er Washington and 6th street. 

Conciordia House, 1 door south of First 
National Bank. 

Freeman, C C, Clocks, W^itches, &c, 

1 door east of First National Bank. 
Redwine, VV^ J, (iunsmith. Washington 

avenue, 2 doors south Corner di ug store. 

Shearer, J S, Sewing Machines, 1 door 
south of (-orner drug store. 

Hull, P W & Son, Blacksmiths and 
Wagon Makers, Washington st., tjetween 
6th and 7th. 

Concordia National Bank, N W cor- 
ner Sixth and Washington streets. 

Doane, E, Furniture store, 1 door north 
of Concordia National Bank. 

Maddox & Son, Genera! Merchandise, 

2 doors north Concordia National Bank. 
McEcKRON, B H, Palace Drugstore, 3 

doors north Concordia National Bank. 

McKiNNoN & Co, Hardware. 4 doors 
north Concordia National Bank. 

Chicago Lumber Co., yard N Wcor. 
Fifth and W^ashington streets. 

Blair. Wm, (xrain dealer, north of C. 
B. R. R. b't'n Wasiiington tt State sts. 

Spalding, H M & Co, Merchant Mills, 
on the River. 

Exchange Hotel, C (iuill)e!-t, prop., on 
S E cor. 5th and Washington streets. 

American Hotel, C H Parsons, prop., 
Washington street between oth and 6th. 

Lamay, Thos. Harness, Saddles, &c., 
1 door south of Exchange Hotel. 

Hagaman, W H, Brunswick Restau- 
rant and confectioneries. Wash. Ave. 

Simmons & W^ilson, Furniture, Car- 
pets, east side Washington Avenue, 



Crider, John, Groceries, east side of 
Wash, ave., between 5th and 6th sts. 

Banks, L M, Barber shop, east side of 
Washington live., between 5th and 6th. 

Barcelo, A, Livery, Feed and Sale Sta- 
ble, south side Fifth street, between 
Washington and Broadway. 

Greene, J, Lumber, yard S W corner 
5th and Broadway. 

Short, W T, Carpenter & Builder, N 
side 5th bt'n Washington and Broadway 
W^hitehead, Abe, Livery, Feed & Sale 
Stable, north side nth street. 

Nelson A Blacksmith, N E corner 
L;th and Broadway. 

Tate, Thomas, Livery, Feed and Sale 
Stable, 5th St., east of Broadway. 

Mulit, H S, Photographer, south side 
6th between W^ashington and State. 

Beach, J S & Co, Hardware, Stoves, 
Tinware, Groceries, &c., south side 6th 
between Washington and State. 

Watson & Twitchell, General Imple- 
plements, pumi)s, wind mills, piping. 
&c., 1 door west of Concordia National 
Bank, south siile 6th street. 

McGuire, Tho Carpenter and Builder, 
first door south of Methodist church. 

Moore, Edwin, Groceries, north side 
6th st betw'n Wash and State streets. 

Miller, Carl J Marble works, N. side 
6th st 3 doors east of State street. 

Openheimer, M Groceries, Vegetables 
Flour, &c n s 6th st 2 doors east of State 
Harkness, J S General merchandise, 
north-6th st 2 doors east of Wash. st. 

Groesbeck, W F & Co General Gro- 
ceries, Crockery. &c north-east corner 
6th and Washington streets. 

Howell, Bros. Lumber dealers, yard 
N E corner Fifth and State Streets. 

Mohr, Geor & Co, Boots and Shoes, 1 
door west of post office. 

Shearer, J S. Books, and Stationery, 
Post office building. 

Gay ,A. Druggist, south-east corner 
6th and Washington streets. 

B & M Hotel, east side of Broadway, 
on B «& M Railroad. 



SHAt KK, P B, House, Sign and orna- 
mental painter, 2 doors south M E cliurch 

Woods & Co, General merchandise, 
south side 6th st west of Broadway. 

Haskett & Son, General merchandise, 
south side 6th st west of Broadway. 

Dunning, D T, Gi'oeeries, Provisions, 
Vegetables, Crockerj^ &c &c, south 
side 6th st under Blade office. 

Robinson & McCrary, Hardware, Tin, 
stoves, &c, S W cor. Bro'dw'y and 6th st. 

Bukkus J E, Realestate Agent, Loan 
broker, Burrus' block, S E corner 6th st 
and Broadway. 

Savard, A, Jewelery, Clocks & watch- 
es, Buri-us' block, 6th st. 

Bell, Jas, Merchant Tailor, Burrus' 
block, 6tli St. 

Martin, Ed, Restaurant, Burrus' block 
on Broadway. 

Herwick, J S, Groceries, vegetables, 
candies. &c., north side sixth street, be- 
tween Washington and State streets. 

Archer & MADDf>x, Livery, Feed and 
Sale Stable, south of Burrus' b"k on B'dy. 

Eaves, Jas A, Second hand furniture, 
stoves, &c, opposite Opera House, 6, st. 

Eaves. J A, Barber shop, opposite 
Opera House. 

Park, J M, House, Sign, Ornamental 
painting. Frescoing, &c &c, 6th street 
east of Broadwaj'. 

Oulnusa & Taylor, Carpenters and 
Builders, south side 6th st east of Br'd'y 

Devenv. H C, Tailor; south side 6th st 
west of Washington. 

Perkins C W, Grocer, south side 6th 
st between Wash, and State streets. 

P^'rry, Eben, Pianos and Organs, south 
side 6t"h st between Wash, and State sts. 

Chaffee AB, Justice of the Peace and 
Police Judge, office on 6th street. 

Murry & Barnes, Druggists Old Land 
Office building north side of 6th street. 

Price. M V, Veterinary Surgeon, of- 
fice in Murr> & Barnes' Drug store. 

Glover Bros, Agricultural Im)ilments, 
south-east corner 6th and Broadway. 

Beauchamp, &Luttrell Druggist, south 
side 6th st east of Blade office. 

Rogers J T & Co, Clothiers, south 
side 6th st east of Blade office. 

Tyner, J H, General merchandise, 1st 
door east of Bl.\de office. 

Seyster, J, & Reeves, Clocks, Watches, 
Jewelrv, &o. north side of 6th st. be- 
tween Broadway and Washington. 

Martin, Benj., Restaurant, north side 
of 6th street. 

Lambert, Geor. Barber shop, north 
side 6th street betw'n Bro'd'y & Wash. 

Lake, Benjamin, Harness, Saddlery, 
Turf goods, &c. north side 6th st. be- 
tween Broadway and AVashington ave. 



CRAN9. LJ, Attorney at Xaw;, prac- 
tices in the State and Federal Courts 
and before the U. S. Land Office. Will 
be found at his home just southwest of 
the school building. 

Johnson, Mrs. Boarding-house; east 
of Broadway south side of dth st. 

Cline, M. C. Groceries, vegetables, &c. 
east of Brodway and south side 6th st. 

HaiTison, Sisters. INIillinery, south side 
6th street between Broadway and Wash- 
ington. 

Avenue House, J Torr proprietor. 
S E corner 6th st and Lincoln Avenue. 

Mangan, J M, Doctor. One door east 
of Avenue House, 6th street. 

Brosseau, L P, Carpenter and Builder, 
shop 3 doors east of Avenue House 6th st. 

Longworth ct Vernon, Wind-engines, 
Pumps, piping &c; under Opera room. 

Betournay, C a. Grocer and Baker; 
N VV corner Broadway and 6th street. 

CoROX. F L Hardware, Stoves, Tinware, 
North side 6th street, west of Broadway. 

Mai'tin, Bros, Groceries, Hour, fruits, 
&e, nortli side 6th st between Broadway 
and Washington avenue. 

Paradis& Cartney.Meat market, north 
side 6th st. between Bro'd'y and Wash. 

Crans, Charlie, dealer in choice and 
fancy Poultry; henery on residence lot 
of ij J Crans, south-west of school- 
building. 

PosTON. B F buys and ships hogs. 

Tate, Johs, buys and ships hogs. 

XuTTER, Natus, buys and ships hogs. 

King, E W buys and ships hogs. 

Lane, Mrs H S Fashionable dressmak- 
er; one door south of Linney & Dobler. 

Warren, C T. dealer in paints, brushes, 
south-west corner 5th and State street. 

Halferty, a F Art Needle-work; at 
the i-esidence of W N Dunning. 

Judy, D H Insurance Agent. 

Martel, Ambrose All kinds of nur- 
sery Stock; office up stairs, next door 
east of Blade office. 

Peterson & Reid; Land and Insu 
ranee agents; over l.stNat'l Bank. 

Houston & Son, Land agents; oppo- 
site the Blade office. 

Carpenter & Pepperell; real estate 
and Loan agents; office up stairs west of 
Bl.\de building. 

HiLLis, H Realestate and Loan agent; 
office opposite Blade building. 

Cleary, John Plasterer, Calciminer. 

Perry, Ed Plasterer, Calciminer. 

Kennett, Homer, Loan Agent, up stairs 
in Sturges' building, south side 6th st. 

Krumm, Wm, Carpenter and Builder, 
shop on Sixth, east of Broadway. 

Marcotte, N, Brick Maker, vard bet'w 
€. B. and K. P railroads 



Residents of Lincoln Township, Including City of Concordia. 



MALES. 

Allen, Wm 
Allen, Scot I 
All( n, Frank 
AldnelT, Mill 
Ah bey, L J 
Anston, Preston 
Auston, .Juiin 
Anston, I'lestou 
Anderson, B R 
Archer, C 
Archer, C E 
Atteburry, R 
Atwood, h' J 
AJH-ll, AF 
AUeiidorfer, Uhas 
Helonrnay. PK 
Betourna.v, 1' Jr 
Hetournay, (.' A 
Hurnside, 
Bnrn^ide, Isiah 
Burnside, Wm 
Brownell, S 
Barnes J C 
Bu>h, (jeo 
^Brown, N B^ 
Brown, H D 
Brown, D L 
Brown, (ieorge 
Ikill, Peter 
Hall, Sol 
Ball, AV 
Ball, James 
Ball, C M 
Ball, Geo 
Bradford, A A 
Barker, J 
Beattv, Wni 
Berard, A 
Burns, \V MeK 
Brewer, J P 
Brewer. S D 
Brieker, Laf 
Burcii, Wal 
Belisle, E A 
Bayless, L 
Burrus, J K 
Burrus, Hillis 
Besse, H 
Beebe, Jas 
Barons, S E 
Barons, J 
Bogue, John 
Babb, John 
Babb, Wm 
Babl), W A 
Barker, John 
Bryant, Wm 
Bailey, Jas 
Brossean, L P 
Bolln^er, A H 
Barcelo, Joe 
Barcelo, A 
Blowtield, A M 
Bean, Pius 
Brummette, Lai" 
Beauclianyj, G A 
Banks, A L 
Bennett, Orrin 
Biirger. O 



Bvishnell, H 
Beach, JS 
Bushell, J S 
Bosler, Ghas 
Baskin. W \)' 
Bowman, W W 
15inl>all, I) 
i'.arrett M 
Becklel, Jos 
Bnyle.ss, A 
BuVless, C 
Bracken, B F 
Bracken, F F 
Budreaii, E 8 
Biulrean, Lewis 
Bomnjereaii, Jas 
Burns, H I) 
Brodalpli, J VV 
Hanker, John 
Bland, Frank 
Bruner, E A 
Barbran, P 
Blakley, Chas 
Bargler, L IM 
Clark, () J 
Giark. SO 
rlarkNF 
(.'luipman, Jos 
Conkling, J G 
Chausel, A 
( 'opeland, Lor 
L'larkson, Thomas 
Collett, Eli 
Carlisle, Sam 
Grans, L J 
Grans, M 
Crau.s, Ghas 
Chandler, Jul 
Cox, RE 
Clear V, J H 
Chattee, A B 
Ci-aig, W O 
Craig, J R 
Chase, John 
Closen, Wm 
Chamberlain, C T 
Garjjenter, C P 
Garpenter, Wm 
Carpenter, N E 

Coliey, 

Chambers. G 
Gartney, W^G 
Gottrel'l, Wm 
Gallor, J G 
Cupp, Adam 
C'ady, John, 
Church, Sam 
Christie, Louis 
Crafts, J M B 
Christopherson, N E 
Charpiat, Jos 
Conner, Wm 
Conner, Paul 
Conner, Frank 
Goleman, Ed 
Colleus, Fred 
Chase, Glen 
Grill, N 
Chambers L 
CaiTol. Jas 



("rider, John 
Clay, P 
Colib, F E 
Darling, Ta;^lor 
Dutton, Lewis 
Dewade, Jno 
Dawson, J R 
Dick, L :M 
Dumas, Peter 
Douglas, J R 
Dumas, Fred 
Dodson, J 
Dicker, N 
Dickey, P A^ 
Dutt-, J G ft 
Demers, Sam 
Dabney, F K 
Dungerson, A 
Dunning, D T 
Dunning, W N 
Dawson, C 
Dangertield, W 
Dey, J E 
Doane, E L 
Decoro, Jas 
Dayis, Al 
Daub,H 
Delane, Jas 
Dennis, Wm 
Durand, Paul 
Eckhai't, John 
Embuy, T A 
Bayes, Jas. 
Ewing, Jno 
Emery Wm 
Elliott, J C 
Elliott, John 
Easterday, Wm 
English, 'C J 
Fox, Chas 
Flitch, John 
Fallardeau, L 
Farmer, W 
Farmer, H J 
Frontinghouse, E 
Frontinghouse, Levi 
Fortmor, John 
Froncour, Jas 
Fisher, Garl 
Fullerton, H 
Forkes, ,J 
Finley, H 
Finley, S 
Farmer, L 
Fisher, Burt 
Fortin, Thos 
Fortin, Geo 
Freeman, G 
Frisbie, J J 
Floyd, Ghas 
Frazel, Lewis, 
Griffin, S N 
Griffin, J R 
Griffin, Lee 
Gand, Jas 
Grimes, I 
Garver, H 
Gessinger, N 
(rurtney, A 
' ^aftbrd, J .A 



Gay, ^. 
Gouche, O L) 
Guilbert, C 
Grilly, J M 
Grilly, N H 
Geigei-, J H 
Gitford, Fred 
Goodriuli, C C 
Goodrich, John 
Goodricli, N 
Goodwin, Laf 
Goodwill, John 
Gould, G A 
Groesbeek, W f 
Galor, C S 
Godfrey, TJ 
Glenn, P P 
Hodgt?s, J N 
Hall, Jos 
Hall, LD 
Hull, P W 
Hull, Chas 
Hunter, C C 
Hunter, Win 
Hanson. H Isl 
Hanson, Henry 
Haward, F E ' 
Hawaid, RE 
Haskett, W H 
Haskett E C 
Hartmaire, It 
Harrison, J M 
Harrison. J B 
Harris, J S 
Hibbon, Levi, 
Harkness, J S 
Houston, S D Sen 
Houston, S D Jr 
Houston, LiST 
Holden, J P 
Howard, Jas 
Haskin, W A 
Hubbard, J B 

Hedglan, 

Hiuiter, (' H 
Hayden, C M 
Hayden, WT 
Elardin, J J 
Hlnkle, W C 
HoUis, Sol 
Hinnum, C 
Hostetler. C F 
Hiilis, H 
Herwick, J S 
Healy, T A 
Hill. Jas 
Haganian. J M 
Hagaman, W"H 
Heme, L H 
Hale, E P 
Hughes, T <.■ 
Howard, B M 
Hamilton, Rob 
Hawkins, \V H 
Hawkins, C R 

Hicks 

Honey, HR 
Hitt, Milton 
Irvin, Levi 
Irving, Gid 
Jennings, E 
JaTTit. H 



Jarvia, J 
Jenkins, E J 
Jenkins, M J 
Johnson, Geo 
Johnson, Albert, 
Johnson, Martin 
Johnson, Alaf 
Johnson, J H 
Jolinson, FratiK 
Johnson, John, 
Judy, U H 
Jackson, Theo 
Jackson, Albert, 
Jones, M V 
Jupe, Wni 
Jordon, ^Vin 
Joseph, E M 
Kennett, Homer 
Kennett, Wm 
Kelly, D J 
Kelly, Win 
Kelly, Harrison 
Kelley, Marion 
Kenley, H E 
Kenley, J M 
Kerwiek Louis 
Kelsey, H 
Kyle, Isaac 
Kyle, Geo 
Kyle. Levi 
Klinefelter, J M 

Ken worth V, 

Kunkle, F' 
Kerwick. \ M 
Kelly, M J 
Kimball, Geo 
Kimball, Otis 
Krumni, Wm 
Kinmann, C P 
King, E W 
Kephart, C 
Kinney, S H 
Karnell, P A 
Kiilp, Jacob 
Lanoue, H 
Lanoue, M 
Lanoue, P 
Lamljert, G 
Ladd, A D 
Laviquc, Geo 
Lemons, S M 
Lemons, C M 

Leonard, 

Leslie, J.H 
Leundrie, F 
Lamay, Thos 
Laing, Theo 
Lemoine,.Hurld 
L'emoine,'H 
Lake, Benj,' 
Linton, John 
Linton, S 

Lacksman, 

Luttrell G M 
Laque, H 
Lon^worth 
Lamberson 
Laque, H 
Lesage, Jos 
LaFleche, Z R 
Lawrence, Thos 
l.orfl PX 



E L 
CO 



LurJ, Chaa 
l-aniij, J >hn 
Lewis, C 
Linblom, C 
Lucas, Geo 
LaRocquo, Frecf 
Law, E M 
Linney, E 
Light! H S 
Latlirop, A 
Lock, E R 
Low, Alfred 
Monard, Jas 
Meris. E 
McMillan, H 
Misell, R 
Mitchell, C 
McKinnon, M 
Martin. Harry 
Martin, Albert 
Martin, Hector 
Martin. Ed 
Martin, Geo 
Martin, E A 
Martin, Fred 
Martin, Eli 
Martin, Augu-st 
Martin, Ben 
Martin, Madore 
Martin, Edmund 
Miller, Marl 
Miller, John 
Miller, Carl 
Miller, Geo 
Miller, Si 
Miller, Elza, 
Miller, Harrison 
Miller, Lewis 
McGuire, Thos 
Monahan, J A 
Marcotte, F L 
Marcotte, N 
Morgan, W S 
Monroe. L C 
Messeldine, D 
Millapex, Jas 
Morgan, D 
Mcintosh, J W 
Mcintosh, J O 
Marshall, Geo 
Marshall, C B 
Marshall, Chas 

McDonalds, 

McCrai-y, S R 
McCrar'y, R S 
Morris, Ed 
Morris, Al 
McLain, A 
Myers, John 
Missell, Ed 
Mohr, Geo 
Martell, P 
Martell, Ambrose 
MulitHS 
Moore, J 
McEckron, B H 
Molthrop, M 
Mosburg, J 
Mosburg, Wm 
Mosburg, John 
Maddox, M 
Minhael. Dn. 



Mail<l(j.\, Will 
McVey, Frank 
McCov, H C 
McCoy, J T 
Mercer, G J 
Moore, EW 
Murray, Chas 
Morrison, John 
Messick, H L 
McCoursev, Wm 
McDonald, C W 
Morgan, Chas 
Miran, K 
Messer, A 
Nelson, A 
Nelson, P L 
Neitzel, F W 
Neitzel, W F 
Neitzel, Herman 
Neitzel, August 
Nye, Chas 
iNewell, Frank 
Nadeau, C 
Nadeau, A 
Neal, M 
Neely, J N 
Nutter, Natus 
Newkirk, J 
O'Neil, Jas 
Ourav, Wm 
O'Haara, T 
Owen, Thos 
Oppenheimer, M 
Orput. J C 
Peterson, 
Peterson, John 
Peterson, J W 
Peterson, Geo 
Price, M V 
Price, J J B 
Perkins,' CC 
PfliMde)-er, J K 
Phillips, David 
Pellitus, Geo 

Pellitus, 

Pierson, W F 
Paillet, Frank 
Paradis, J C 
Pratt, S H 
Palmer, Geo 
Potteuger, N E 
Poston, B F 
Pepperell, VV.HL 
Ponto, Lewis, 
Poal, Oliver, 
Perrier, Jos 
Perry, E A 
Perrv, Eiu-n 
Parch, L D 
Pen nock, C 
Pennock, Al 
Parker, Peter 
Ponchire, Chas 
Plcar, John 
Polhemus, M 
Prince, E 
Parr, J M 
Rodes, Dan 
Ross, G A 

Ross. 

Ross, Nathaniel 
Richov, J P 



Koswell J P 
Rose, Geo 
Ray, Henry 
Richards, C 
Robinson, C 
Rice, Lyman 
Robinson, John 
Robinson, John 
Rigljy, Jos 
Rigby, Geo 
Rigby, I A 
Rankin, J M 
Ramage, D 
Redwine, W J 
Reid, W G 
Reid, John 
Reid, Robt 
Reid, W E 
Rines. C S 
Rogers, J 
Rogers, M 
Revecan, Jos 
Randall, J C . 
Randall, E D 
Ralf, Lewis 
Rains, T E 
Ramsey, O 
Reynolds, E 
Reed Geo 
Root, VV T 
Ritchey, H 
Reeves, M E 
Ramsey, E S 
Revord, John 
Shivers, W H 
Swearngin, E E 
Swearngin, John 
Stetson, C A 
Stetson, F C 
Shearer, H F 
Shearer, J S 
Short, W T 
Short, Rheuben 
Sheltorlov. Wm 
Smith, D'J 
Smith, Clark, 
Smith, Jas 
Smith, Fred 
Smith, Stokes 
Smith, Geo 
Smith, Walter 
Smith, L M 
Smith, David 
Smith, S H 
Smith. J J 
Spurlock, S M 
Sieburt, H 
Seorrum. F J 
Starkey, Caleb 
Starkey. Geo 
Starkey, Jas 
Schroff, W C 
Schroff, J F 
Spaulding, A H 
Spalding. H M 
Seavey, John 
Stearns. C 
Stearns, C H 
Stearns, Al 
Sterling, J C 
Samson, J M 
Sheafor, MV B 



Shealoi-, J W 
Shafer, P B 
Shafer, E B 
Sanders, G L 
Sense, C 
Souter, Wm 
Signor, Wm 
Southern Tod 
Snyder, John 
Sagerty, Geo. 
Silvey, Jeff 
Silvey, C 
Sargent, L H 
Sargent, Frank 
Shoemaker, H C 
Sweet, C E 
Seyster, J 
Seyster, I 
Shaver, Wm 
Strawbridge, M 
Simmons, D W 
Scott, Fred 
Spencer, Milton 
Sawhill , T A 
Sawhill, W F 
Sturges, F W 
Shabb, Frank 
Sprague, S R 
Searl, Geo 
Stackhous.!, D M 
Stackhouse, John 
Shuram. Geo 
btewart, C W 
Tester, Alex 
Tinian, Louis 
Trombly, D 
Trombl'y, R 
Trombly, E 
Timmons, R M 

Timmons, 

Timmons. Geo 
Taylor, S W 
Taivor, W H 
Taylor, G M 
Talyor, John 
Taylor, Wm 
To'rr, Jasi^er 
Thorp, J S 
Twitchell, C 
Townsdin, W S 
Titterington, H 
Trombly, Fred 
Throop, Wm 
Tabbot. Rob 
Throop, Louis 
Throop, Jas 
Thomas, D W 
Thomas, N W 
Tate, Thos 
Tate, John 
Tippin, L D 
Tettler, Geo 
Trude, HC 
Vielass A L 
Veatch, JM 
Vinney, R B 
Varbel, Caster / 

Vernon. E T 
Whitehead, A 
Weaver, Clement, 
Weaver, G L 
White, Geo 



VVoHlherheMtl, h 
Williams, W S 
Williams, B S 
Williams, W H 
Wyraff, R 
Welch, Patrick 
Webb, D C 
Wait, David 
Wait, Frank 
Wait, Beard 
Wade, Seneca 
Wells, W H 
Waldi'on, H 
Ward, Julius 
W^ood, W 
Woods, J P 
Widner, John 
Wilson, John 
Wilson, I) C 
^\'alder, R 
Watson, J 
Warner, C S 
Whipp, CW 
Whipp, Wm 
Young, Ed 
Young, N S 
Young, Jas 
York, Geo 

LINCOLN TOWNSHIP 

[outside of city.] 
Alexander, D J 
Alexander, C H 
Blair, Wm 
Bevan, Hemy 
Bethel, John 
Bennett, A H 
Brannara, C 
Bassett, Cla 
Burns, J J 
Burns, Hiram 
Burns, Thos 
Bryan, E A 
Bryan, Wm 
Bertrand, John 
Belgard, A 
Bender, B F 
Babcock, C W 
Bartlet, Elmer 
Bassett, A L 
Bushey, Fred 
Oharoness, R 
Caleman, D H 
Chickbrov^', H 
Chickbrow , Wm 
Cross, Arlando 
Coughlen, R 
Cole, Wm 
Cummons, Clark 
Clark, C O 
Clark, Milton 
Clark, Herschell 
Delver, G J 
Driscoll, John 
Driscoll. Dennis 
Davis, C L 
Davis, Allen 
Davis, Henry 
Davis. A N 
Dotson, James 
Dryes, J H 
De'marlean. Dios 



Darling, J K 
Dvkes, F 
Ells, Lewis 
Easter, Wm 
Flitch, Geo 
Finch, Silverton 
Fulmer, M 
Foster, T M 
Fruits, Geo 
Groesbeck, B F 
Glasby, Chas 
Goen,' Nelson 
Hibner, 
Hanna, John 
Hartman, Martin 
Henrj', David 
Hindman, F J 
Jones, G W 
Jones, R 
Jones, S P 
Jones, J W 
Jones, H 
Jupe, Amiel 
King, S G 
Kiser, O 
Lewis, J M 
Lewis, F W 
Lewis, S R 
Lavallrye, M 
Laypale, Geo 
Leonnrd, Orland 
Lovreau, Peter 
Merica, Silvanus 
Macklc). John 
Mackley, EA 
Mackley, J B 
Moore, C F 
Narcottc;, N 
Matthew, Flaviors 
Mintz, L D 
Martin, Law 
Messeldine, D 
Moore, J 
Naltiux. N 
Newkirk, J 
Palmer, John 
Patrick, W S 
Pierce, Fred 
Reed, Wm 
Rohston, C W 
Roestson, David 
Rogers, Thos 
Rogers, Noah 
Rhodes, Dan 
Rambo, John, 
Robins, John 
Roberts, John 
Rambo, Geo 
Rambo, Chas 
Springstead, J 
Springstead, Geo 

Shrader. W S 

Sparks, Wm 

Stone, Robert 

Sprague, Alva 

Starr. D A 

Suppenfield, J R 

Sears. Johnathan 

Smith, W B 

Shouse, John 

Shaw, Ralf 

rownsdin. John. 



J'own^liu, Jas 
Townsdin, Chas 
Townsdin, Geo 
Towdsdin, Sam 
Temple, Job 
Trude, H 
Truesdell, Jesse 
Treshara, Viu 
Trombly, Jas 
Tatro. l*aul 
Vansickle, C 
Wyckoff, Com 
Ward, Dan 
Wilmart. W H 
Wright, W H 
Wheeler, Ed 
Walker, Jos. 



I Of CLOOD GO. 

For 24 Years. 

I860 13f* inch 

1861 36+ " 

18C3 35 

1863 34 

1864 33 

1865 32 

1886 31 

1867 35 

1868 " 18 

1869 80 

1870 28 

1871 32 

1872 26 

1873 30 

1874 22 

1875 27 

1876 29 

1877 20 

1878 29i " 

1879 30i " 

1880 18 

1881— Total snowfall 28 in., rain and 

melted snow 16J " 

1882 19S " 

1883 2U " 

1884 161 " 

* AtManhattan. No record kept here. 

+ Fractions less than i an inch are 
omitted. Over f are counted an inch. 



OFFICERS REPUBLICAN LAWD DISTKICT 
SINCE ITS LOCATION. OCTOEER, 1870. 

Amos Cutter, of Mass., Reoister. 

E. J. Jenkins, of Doniplian county, 
Kansns, Receiver. 

B. H. McEcIiron, of Cloud county, 
Kansas, Register. 

S. H. Dodge, of Mitchell county, Kan- 
sas, Register. 

Thf)mas Wrong, of Cloud county, Kan- 
sas, Receiver. 



ATTORNEYS. 



L. J. Crans, 
M. y. Jones, 
N. E. Carpenter, 
N. B. Brown, 

C. W. Stewart, 

D. L. Brown, 
Theo. Laing, 

B. R. Anderson, 



A. A. Carnahan, 
F. W. Sturges, 
E. J. Jenkins, 
C. W. McDonald, 
H. Hillis, 
J. W. Sheafor, 
Thos. Wrong, 
S. D. Houston, Jr, 



J. W. Peterson. 



PHYSICIANS. 



F. L. Marcotte, 

C. H. Hunter, 

E. I. Kirk, 

F. K. Dabney, 

D. W. Else, 
A. Gay, 



T. E. Rains, 
L. D. Hall, 
W. F. Sawhill, 
Mrs. S. L. K. Honev, 
C. W. Whipp, 
J. M. Mangan. 



VETERINARY" SURGEONS. 

M. V. Price, Joseph Becktel. 



DENTISTS. 

C. M. Bremerman, C. C. Hinman, 



County, Township and school district 
indebtedness, June 30, 1884: 

County $94,000 

Townships 91,000 

46 school districts 50.019 



STANDARD RAILWAY TIME. 

In IKRCOLONIAL— 6oth Menclian. 
All places east of Maine and Quebec. 

Eastern — 75th Meridian. 
Canada, belween Quebec and Detroit, — U. S., east of Buffalo, A'. F. y 
Pittsburg, Pa. y Wheeling and Huntington, l-y. Vn. ; Bristol, Term.; 
Charlotte, A^. C, and Augusta, Ga. 

Central — 90th Meridian. 
West from " Eastern " limits, as above, to Broadview, Canada; to the 
Missouri River in Dakota; North Platte and McCook, Neb. ; Wallace and 
Dodge City, Kansas ; Toyah and Sanderson, Texas. 
Mountain — io5ih Meridian. 
West from "Central'' limits to Heron, Montana; Ogden, Ltah; 
Needles and Yuma, Arizona. 

Pacific— I20lh Meridian. 
West from " Mouniain " limits to coast. 



ALMANAC TIME IS LOCAL TIME. 

Sun time is, necessarily, the standard for Almanac calculations, oecause 
it gives, by a few chosen parallels of latitude, proper figures for all places on 
such lines — the march of the sun westward brin'j;ing the same hour regularly 
to each place to meet the phenomena. 

Any almanac calculations based on " railroad " time would have to be 
changed for every mile, east or west, and would create absurd confusion, 
ev.-n if practicable. 

When the difference between the "standard "' and local time is known, 
there is no trouble in adding to or taking so much from the almanac time, 
to brin'4 '^ to " standard." 

Almanacs and almanac time are more than ever before necessary, on 
account of this change of time for ordinary purposes of daily life. 




A WINTER'S 

ECLIPSES, Etc. 



In the year 1885 there will be four Eclipses — 
two of the Sun and two of the Moon. 

I. An Annular Eclipse of the Sun, on Maixh 
16, visible as a Partial Eclipse over tlie United 
States generally, and as an Annular Eclipse 
from latitude 36 degrees on the Pacific Coast, in 
a northeasterly direction, to Hudson Bay in lati- 
tude 71 degrees. 

II. A Partial Eclipse of the Moon, March 30, 
invisible in the United States. 

III. A Total Eclipse of the Sun, September 8, 
invisible in the United States ; visible in the 
southern part of South America, and in a part 
of Australia. 

IV. A Partial Eclipse of the Moon, September 
23 and 24, visible generally in the United States. 

PLANETS BRIGHTEST. 

Mercury, on January 26, before sunrise ; 
April 8, after sunset ; May 25, before sunrise ; 
August 16, after sunset ; September 15, before 
sunrise ; November 30, after sunset. 

Venus, though very bright in the latter part of 
the year, does not reach her greatest brilliancy 
until after the end of the year. Mars, not 
brightest this year. Jupiter, on February 19. 
Saturn, on December 26. 

MORNINC AND EVENINCi STARS. 

Morning Stars. — Mercury, from January 3 to 
March 13, and from April 27 to June 27, and 
from September 2 to October 16, and from De- 
cember 1 1 to the end of the year. Venus, until 
April 27. 

Evening Stars. —Mercury, from March 13 to 



DAY.— Miss Edwards. 

from October 16 to December il. Venus, from 
April 27 to the end of the year. Mars, Jupiter, 
and Saturn, from January I to June 30. 

THE FOUR SEASONS. 

Winter begins December 21, 1884, at 4.25 
A. M., and lasts 89 days and 56 minutes. 

Spring begins March 20, 1885, at 5.21 A. M., 
and lasts 92 days, 20 hours and 22 minutes. 

Summer begins June 21, 1885, at 1.43 A. M., 
and lasts 93 days, 14 hours and 25 minutes. 

Autumn begins September 22, 1885, at 4.8 
r. M., and lasts 89 days, 18 hours and 11 minutes. 
Winter begins December 21, 1885, at IO.19 A. M. 

Tropical year, 365 days, 5 hours and 54 min- 
utes. 

MOVABLE FEASTS. 

Septuagesima Sunday February i 

Sexagesima Sunday " 8 

Quinquagesiina Sunday " 15 

Ash Wednesday " 18 

Quadragesima Svmday 



April 27, and from June 27 to September 2, and | Jewish Lunar 



Mid-Lent March 15 

Palm Sunday " 29 

Good Friday April 3 

Easter Sunday " 5 

Low Sunday "> 12 

Rogation Sunday May 10 

Ascension Day " 14 

M'hit Sundav ' " 24 

Trinity Sunday .♦. " 3' 

Corpus Christi June 4 

Advent Sunday Nov. 29 

CYCLES. 

Dominical Letter 

Epact .. 

Golden Number 

Solar Cycle 

Roman Indiction 

Julian Period ... 

Dionysian Period 



D 



13 



659 
214 



Cppyrieht, 1884, by James Sutton. 



LATEST U. S. POSTAL REGULATIONS, 

There are foar classes of domestic mail 
matter, divided as toUows: 

l'"iRST Class. — «, letters; ^, matter partly 
in print and partly in writing ; c, jjackages 
so wrapped that their contents can not be 
readily examined. Two cents per half ounce. 

Second Class. — Newspapers, magazines 
and other periodicals, issued at stated in- 
tervals not exceeding three months, and not 
designed primarily for advertising pur- 
poses. One cent for each four ounces. 

Third Class. — Books, transient newspa- 
pers, periodicals, circulars, proof-sheets and 
manuscript accompanying same, and print- 
ed matter generally (except that belonging 
in the second class). Upon matter of this 
class, or on its wrapper, the sender may 
write his own name, preceded by the word 
'• from" ; may mark any printed passage to 
call attention to it; may write date, address 
and signature of circulars, correct typo- 
graphical errors, and write on cover or blank 
leaf of any book or other printed article of 
this class a simple dedication or presenta- 
tion inscription not in the nature of personal 
correspondence. One cent for each two 
ounces. 

FoiRTH Class. — Merchandise and other 
articles not liable to damage other mnil 
matter. Upon this matter the sender niav 
write his name and address, preceded by the 
word " frt)m," and may also write the quan- 
tities and names of articles inclosed. One 
cent for each ounce. 

Unmailable. — Liquids, poisons, explo- 
sives, oi^itments, pastes, fresh fruits and 
vegetables, animals alive or dead ; articles 
having an offensive odor, obscene and in- 
decent books, prints or other like articles. 

MisCELLANEois INFORMATION. — Letters 
and postal cards directed to a person who 
has removed, or is temporarily absent from 
his usual place of residence, will be for- 
warded, on his request, free of charge ; but 
drop letters can not be forwarded to other 
post-offices except on furtlier prepayment 
to an amount suflicient (with that already 
prepaid) to cover post^ige at three cents per 
half ounce. Postal-cards bearing on their 
face side any message, written or printed, 
other than the address, are unmailable, and 
will be returned to the senders. 

FoREiG.M Mails, Etc — Lett rs for foreign 
countries, composing the " Universal Postal 
Union," live cents for each half ounce — 
prepayment optional. Newspapers and 
other printed matter (including books, pam- 
phlets, commercial papers, photograjihs, 
sheet-music, maps, engravings, deeds, legal 
papers, and all documents wholly or partly 
in writing, and not in the nature of personal 
correspondence), and on samples of mer- 
chandise, one cent for each two ounces. 

CANADA (including Nova Scotia, New 
Brunswick, Manitoba and Prince Edward's 
Island I — letters, two cents for each half 
bunce ; transient printed matter, one cent 
for each two ounces; second-class matter, 
same as in tlie United States ; samples of 
merchandise (no dutiable articles or articles 
of intrinsic value admitted), ten cents for 
each package, not exceeding eight ounces 
in weight — prepayment compulsory. 

Registr.\tion. — Letters and packages can 
be registered on payment of ten cents and 
full postage The name and address of the 
sender must be indorsed by him on each 
letter or package. Mail matter may be sent 
registered to any post-office in the L'nited 
States, Canada, or in any of the countries of 
the ' Universal Postal Union." 

Money Orders. — Money orders, limited 
to $50 each, payable in the United States, 
can be obtained at any iiost-office. 

Postal Notes payable to bearer for any 
sum fr im i cent to $4.99, inclusive, may be 
obtained at any monev-order office pav- 
aDie at any other money-order office in the 
United States which The sender mav de- 
signate. The fee tor a postal note is 3 cents. 




MY FIRST FRIEND.— After F. Barzaghi. 




GnAND Menan Island lies off the coast 
ol Maine, a little below Eastport, on the 
western side of the entrance to the Bay of 
Funily, which it narrows very materially. 
Carrying to an extreme that rocky charac- 
ter of the coast in which some ot the East- 
ern States so widely difter from the sandy- 
coasted and low-beached Middle and 
Southern States, the Grand Menan almost 
creates the idea of having been misplaced 
by Nature— cut off, say, from some portion 
of tlie wild and rock-bound scenery of the 
British Islands, around which the surf rages 
so differently from what it possibly can do 
against the shelving and unresistive sand 
of the lower latitudes, and of much of the 
Western continent even of the higher. "The 
Bishop " is a detached pillar of rock, whose 
gently inclined outline seems to greet the 
returning voyager. The Bay of Kundy is 
remarkable for its high tides, the tidal wave 
or bore, as it is called, often overtaking 
swine who are feeding on the shellfish, as 




28 days, j 


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it rushes with the speed of an express train 
from the ocean, rising from 40 to 60 ft. The 
bay is deep, but of difficult navigation ; it is 
170 miles long and from 30 to 50 miles wide. 

The science of the e.akth has been the 
subject of philosophical speculation from 
the time of Homer, and this science is said 
to have been cultivated in ( hina many ages 
before the Christian era. When the theories 
and discoveries ol geologists were first pro- 
pounded, they were condemned as being 
opposed to the statements of the Bible ; bur 
in this enlightened age the Christian as- 
tronomer and geologist, in proportion as 
their minds are e.\panded by scientific in- 
vestigation, see the necessity of demon- 
strating that there is no collision between 
tile discoveries in the natural world and the 
inspired record. 

.Almanacs, or other books with calendars, 
hive been popular for many centuries. 
Resiomantus is supposed to have been in- 
debted for his formular of 1474, to the Persian 
almanacs. John Somer's Calendar, written 
ill Oxford, Eng., was published as early 
J. The almanac was canonized as St. 
Almachius in the Roman calendar. The pop- 





ular almanac 
in Shakspeare's 
time was puij- 
lislied liy Leon- 
ard Digges. In 
1 85 1 Dr. Mc- 
< iowan, laboi- 
iiiL^ in China 
for the Mission- 
ary Union, pre- 
pared a philosophical almanac in the language 
of that country, exhibiting to the Chinese the 
realities of science, and particularly detailing the 
principles of the magnetic telegraph. Moore's 
Almanac, first published in "England in 1713, 
reached an annual sale of upwards of 500,000 
copies. In the British Museum and universities 
are some curious specimens ot early almanacs. 

The smallest circular saw in practical use is a 
disk about the size of a five-cent piece, being 
employed for cutting slits in gold pens. They 
are about as thick as ordinary paper, and make 
400 revolutions per minute, this high speed keep- 
ing them rigid, notwithstanding their extreme 
thinness. 



The Grand Trianon, the palace at Ver 
sailles where the unfortunate Marie Antoinetie 
used to give the famous parties which her ene- 
mies described as orgies, is an elegant outpost of 
its kingly neighbor, to whose magnificent grounds 
its own, fully as beautiful, are joined. Bounded 
by a fine hedge, many beautiful vistas are opened 
in every direction, the gaps being protected by 
(-litches which are not noticeable until one is al- 
most upon them. The statuary and fountains, 
though on a smaller scale than those of the king's 
palace, are very beautiful, and no more fitting 
scene for the gallantries of those days could be 
imagined. Here, on October 5, 1789, the mob 
invaded the privacy of the queen, and only her 
own intrepidity saved lier from violence. 

There are 3,985 paper mills in the world, 
producing every year 959,000 tons of clean paper. 
About one-half is printed on, and the other half 
is used for writing paper. Annually the various 
Government departments consume about 100,000 
tons in official business, the schools 90,000 
tons, commerce 120,000 tons, industry 90,000 
tons, and private correspondence in all only 
90,000 tons. 




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This picture of Rabun Gap furnishes but an 
inference of the many lovely views to be seen 
in Northern Georgia. The locality is very 
picturesque, composed of sloping hills, fertile 
valleys and winding streams, and is becoming 
a great resort for the pleasure-seeking public. 
All the way down the valley of the Tennessee 
River to Knoxville, and westward to Chat- 
tanooga and Huntsville, the scenery is most 
varied and clwrming, while the historic associa- 
tions cluster thickly on every hand. Lookout 
Mountain is a grand point for tourists, not only 
as one of the great landmarks of history, but as 
well for the natural beauties and the e.\hibit of 
the changes being wrought by recent enterprise 
■and awakened activity, such as may now be 
witnessed in so many parts of the Great South. 
The sides of this famous old mountain are 
seamed and scarred by the onset and clash of 
almighiv forces, in contests which belittle the 
fiercest battles of man. Through the tangled 
forest and over the precipitous rocks dash 
waters of silvery purity, and a day's tramp 
will discover many unknown and neglected 
falls, which, if in the White Mountains or Cats- 
kills, would have been sung by poets and em- 
balmed in our literatu're. Since the manifest 
improvement during the past decade in the 
Southern railroad system these regions are be- 
coming better known, 



3d Mo. 




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57 2 



5 28 
5 27 



5 21 
5 20 



5 6 
5 5 
5 3 



6 33 
6 34 
6 35 
6 36 
6 37 
6 38 
6 39 

6 40 
6 41 
6 42 
6 43 
6 44 
6 45 
G 46 

6 47 
6 J8 
6^9 
6 50 
6 51 



3 59 

4 32 

5 8 
sets. 

8 26 

9 32 

10 36 

11 35 
morn. 

27 

1 15 

1 57 

2 35 

3 11 

3 45 

4 19 

4 53 
rises. 
8 19 



ly- 



The Unakas, a range ol mountains separat- 
ing Tennessee from North Carolina, equaling 
the Rocky Mountains at many points in rugged 
grandeur, and, many say, excelling them in 
beauty. They ar; carpeted with grasses or 
covered with numerous varieties of ferns and 
mosses, or with the mountain laurel, spruce, 
balsam, and the rich, red rhododendron and 
azalia. The beautiful French Broad River, 
rising in North Carolina, and running North- 
west, after getting above the famous resorts of 
Asheville and Warm Springs, cuts through the 
base of the Unakas, which here attain a height 
of 5,ooo feet oh each side of the river. The 
railroad runs for more than fifty miles along 
this river, frequently crossing it on substantial 
bridges, and giving full and magnificent views 
of this unrivaled scenery. 




ST. PETER'S AT ROME. — Pero.t. 



Pre-eminent among the Cliiislian temples of 
the world is St. Peter's, the work of many jiopes 
and architects, finally consecrated by Urban VIII. 
in 1626, which Gibbon calls "the most glorious 
structure that has ever l)een ajiplied to the use of 
religion." Externally the work, though magni- 
ficent in materials and dimensions, is disfigured 
l)y the prominence of the front added by Ma- 
derno, which almost hides from the near sjiecta- 
tor the principal feature — the vast and towering 
dome ; while, had the original plan of Bramante 
and Michael Angelo been followed, the whole 
dome would have been visible from the square 
before the church. But the dome itself and the 
interior of the edifice are held to be unrivaled in 
magnitude, proportion and decoration. The 
building occupied 175 years. The length of the 
interior is 613^ feet ; transept from vs'all to wall, 
446'4 feet ; height of nave, 152^ feet. The 



dome, from the pavement to the base of the lan- 
tern, is 405 feet, to the top of the cross 44S feel. 
The dome of the Capitol at Washington is 
307^4 feet to the top of the statue of liberty. 

HoRTicn/n^RiSTS have demonstrated that the 
smiplest flower that grows in the field can, 
through cultivation, be made to attain perfection. 
With most of us the love fov floriculture is innate, 
and in accordance with the extent it is developed 
so is our refinement expressed. Owing to the 
invention of the green -house we are not deprived 
of flowers in Winter, but they seem most appro- 
priate in the Spring time when all nature is alive 
to its duly. »It is then that the gardens yield 
their most attractive beauties, affording lucrative 
occupation to women and girls, who display and 
sell their products on the streets in large quan- 
tities to passers by. 




PREPARING FLOWERS FOR MARKET.- Robins 
















M 



" The breaking waves dashed high on the 
stern and rock-bound coast," but to the earn- 
est, sea-toss'd I'ilgrims how cliarming must 
have been the primitive glories of the mountains 
and rivers of New England! No wonder that 
her sons have ever thought of her with love 
and regret wherever their adventurous wan- 
derings in search of fortune may have led. 
Other mountains may far o'ertop, other streams 
pour greater floods, but where are the charms 
of foliage and of clear purity that will rival 
these ? 

"Then, hurrah f6r old New England 
And her cloud-capp'd granite hills ! '' 

The ancient Romans on May-day used to go 
in processi&n to the grotto of Egeria. May-day 
has also been immeinorially observed in Eng- 
land as a rural festival ; and May-poles are in 
many places prolusely decorated with garlands 
wreathed in honor of the day. May received 
its name, some say, from Romulus, who gave 
it this appellation in respect to the Senators 
and nobles of his city, they being termed 
Majort-s. Others claim it was called Irom Mala, 
the mother of Mercury. 

The. application of a strong solution of chro- 
mic acid three or four times a day by means of 
a camel's-hair pencil is the best and easiest 
method of removing warts. , 



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Wl. Time. 






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H. M. S. 


h. m. 


H. M. 


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121 


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11 56 54 


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132 


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4 ,50 


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133 


13 


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sets. 


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130 


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139 


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140 


20 


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lllOl 11 




141 


21 


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4 43 


7 10 


37 


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142 


22 


Kr 


1 1 56 27 


4 42 


7 11 


1 14 




143 


23 


Sa 


11 .56 32 


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144 


24 


W 


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14.5 


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147 


27 


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149 


29 


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n .57 11 


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7 17 


7 58 




150 


30 


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180 29 
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4 36 


7 20 


11 23 




11 58 6 


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11 58 If) 


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morn. 


8 


11 58 27 


4 35 


7 22 


28 




11 58 38 


4 35 


7 23 


1 1 




11 58 49 


4 34 


7 23 


1 34 




11 59 1 


4 34 


7 24 


2 11 




11 59 13 


4 U 


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3 37 




1 1 59 37 


4 34 


7 25 


sets. 


N 


11 59 50 


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7 26 


8 8 




12 3 


4 34 


7 26 


9 4 




12 15 


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7 27 


9 53 




12 28 


4 34 


7 27 


10 36 




12 41 


4 34 


7 27 


11 15 




12 54 


4 34 


7 28 


11 51 




12 1 7 


4 34 


7 28 


morn. 


1 ( 


12 1 20 


4 34 


7 28 


24 




12 ] 33 


4 35 


7 28 


58 




12 1 46 


4 35 


7 29 


1 31 




12 1 59 


4 35 


7 29 


2 7 




12 2 12 


4 35 


7 29 


2 45 




12 2 24 


4 36 


7 29 


3 25 




12 2 37 


4 36 


7 29 


4 9 




12 2 49 


4 36 


7 29 


rises. 


F 


12 3 1 


4 37 


7 29 


8 11 




12 3 13 


4 37 


7 29 


8 49 




12 3 25 


4 37 


7 29 


9 25 





MT. MANSFIELD.— Thos. Moran. 

Mount Mansfield, as seen in our cut, is one 
of the noble pealcs of the Vermont Green 
Mountains, and looms up grandly over the fer- 
tile plains and quiet loveliness of the Missis- 
quoi. It is the highest mountain in X'ermont, 
4,279 feet above the sea. The mineral products 
of the Green Mountains are very valuable, in- 
cluding excellent iron ores, manganese, marble, 
slate, etc., proximity to a market giving value 
to products that would be lost for ages in the 
vast wilds of the Rockies and Sierras. 

The first prayer book of Edward V'l. came 
into use by authority of Parliament on Whit- 
Sunday, 1549. 




THE INDIGNANT ORPHANS. —Gustave Siis. 



This terrier has evidently in a fit of rage or- 
plianed an interesting brood, and then, as the 
leg and feathers imply, eaten his victim up. The 
poor motherless chicks are upbraiding him for his 
crime, and to judge from the expression of his 
face are producing in his mind a sense of remorse. 
In pictures of this kind Mr. .Sus, of whose paint- 
ing this is a reproduction, is well and favorably 
known to art lovers. 

The environs of Fl(5RE\ce, second in inter- 
est only to Rome and by many considered more 
attractive, are like beautiful gardens and abound 
in delightful places for excursions. There has 
for many years been quite a settlement of Ameri- 
can genius hereabouts— sculptors and artists — 



who for the healthful climate and art treasures, 
so nearly equal to those of the capital itself, pre- 
fer it for a place of residence. The Duomo, or 
cathedral church of Santa Maria del Fiore, is a 
vast and superb structure, which is surpassed in 
architectural grandeur only by St. Peter's at 
Rome. The length of the building is nearly 500 
feet, and width of the united transepts 306 feet. 
The height of the nave is 153 feet. The dome 
of this cathedral is the largest in the world, its 
circumference being greater than that of St. 
Peter's, and its comparative height greater, 
though its base is not placed so high above the 
ground. From the pavement to the summit of 
the cross is 387 feet. This dome served as a 
model for that of St. Peter's. 



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"^r^ 7th Mo. 



JULY. 



31 days. 



PV^--~" 



^i.^ 



RIVER SCENERY OF THE BLUE RIDGE 

From Norfolk starts the first division of 
the great iron band which reaches from the 
Atlantic to the Pacific. Soon alter leaving this 
enterprising seaport city, the tourist obtains 
evidence of Virginia's loveliness. Though time 
and change have plowed deep furrows in that 
beauty which gave the new-born earth its 
pristme grace, still Nature from her wondrous 
wealth impartially bestows unending favors 
on her worshippers ; and o"er earth's wide ex- 
panse are favored spots never to be effaced. 
Through the southern portion of the State, 
passing along the sides of wooded crests, into 
emerald vallej'S and by rushing streams, the 
railway has developed a beautiful section. 




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4 


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187 


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M 


188 


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Tu 


189 


8 


W 


190 


9 


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191 


10 


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13 


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197 


16 


Th 


198 


17 


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199 


18 


Sa 


200 


19 


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201 


20 


IM 


202 


21 


Tu 


•iO:i 


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VV 


204 


23 


Th 


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206 


2.5 


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207 


26 


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208 


27 


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209 


28 


Tu 


210 


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211 


30 


Th 


•12 


31 


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Noon. 
Wasirton 
M. Time. 



12 3 36 

12 3 48 

12 3 59 

12 4 9 



12 6 2 

12 6 6 

12 6 9 

12 6 11 

12 6 13 

12 6 14 

12 6 14 



II. M. 

4 38 
4 39 
4 39 
4 40 






r 22 
r 21 



7 17 



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5 


M. M. 


9 58 


10 30 


11 2 


11 34 


morn. 


8 


45 


1 27 


2 15 


3 10 


4 12 


sets. 


8 29 


9 11 


9 49 


10 25 


10 59 


11 34 


morn 


9 


46 


1 25 


2 8 


3 54 


3 48 


rises. 






8 1 


8 34 


9 6 


9 37 



3Q. 



IQ- 



KANNARRO CANON. 

Kamiarro is a small Mormon village in south- 
ern Utah, nestling at the foot of lofty mountains 
and near the terminus of the ranges extending 
south from Salt Lake City. The canon is some 
six or eight miles south of the village, and it is 
in 'ihis canon that the tourist receives the first hint 
of that glorious region to the south, the canon of 
the Colorado River of the West. Here are first 
seen those wonderful masses of red sandstone 
thr-t, a little further south, become overwhelm- 
ingly stupendous, staggering belief in then- vast- 
ness and magnificent forms. Colburn's Butte is 
2,000 feet high and of a brilliant vermilion hue. 
It is equally grand and beautiful in storm or 
suilshine. 

In connection with this beautiful scenery we 
may call attention to the wonderful clearness* of 
the Western atmosphere. Untainted by the 
smoke of great cities or fogs of the warm coast 
regions, it is clear and sparkling as a crystal, 
utterly deceptive as to distances ; thirty or forty 
miles appear to a person, not accustomed to the 
region, as no more than eight or ten miles. The 
same optical delusion affects heights and depths, 
the novice being quite unable to approximate to 
correct measurements with the eye. The climate 
is lovely, though most of the country in these 
mountain valleys is a desert until irrigation is in- 
troduced. The numerous streams that flow 
from the mountains are finally lost in the parch- 
ing soil, which is sandy and very absorbeni. 



Eleven thousand newspapers and 
periodicals are publislied in the United 
States. New York has the largest 
number of any State, viz., 1,411, 
and next comes Illinois with 1,017. 
Pennsylvania ranks third with 973, 
and afterwards, in order, are Ohio, 
Iowa and Missouri. Six hundred 
and forty of these papers are pub- 
lished in German, forty-nine in 
Danish and Scandinavian, and forty- 
one in French ; five Welsh, three 
Chinese, three Indian and one in. 
Irish. 

Since the conquest of Mexico by 
Europeans there has been no cessa- 
tion of work in the gold and silver 
mines of the country. Under Span- 
ish rule, or from 1537 to 1821, the 
value of silver produced exceeded 
10,431,348,5 I5f., and that of gold 
343,842,055^ Since the independ- 
ence of Mexico, dating from 1821 to 
1880, the value of silver extracted 
amounted to 4,503, 291, 545f., and 
that of gold to 247,068,930?. Since 
1537 to 1880 the average annual pro- 
duction of gold and silver has been 
about 45,300,ooof. An authority on 
the suljject states that it only requires 
an improved method of extracting the 
ore to raise Mexico to the first rank 
of countries to which the world looks 
for its supply of the precious metals. 

Some land in the city of London 
has been sold at the rate of $3,300,000 
an acre. 



Californl\ produces half the quicksilver in 
the world — 100,222,267 pounds in the last thirty 
years, of wliich two- thirds went abroad. 

M. B.WEKET W,\TEL Considers systems of 
irrigation as the cause of a sweeping destructimi 
of fish. The fry go into the channels and die 
when the water is withdrawn suddenly. 

" God Save the Queen " has been translated 
into all the dialects of India. 



, / I ' ' 



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i 




COLBURN'S BUTTE. — Thomas Moran. 




1 



3r 



3X 

i 

3XJ 






The Wild T'asses of the Shenandoah \'ai.- 
iEV are particularly noticeable because of ilic 
extensive vistas they lead to. This valley is 
quite properly called "The Garden of X'irginia." 
since it is made up of all the features essentiiil 
to the picturesque. In addition it possesses 
phenomena most wonderful to contemplate. 
Here are the celebrated Caverns of Luray and 
that world-renowned arch. The Natural Bridge 
of Virginia, ^^'hen you have explored the re- 
cesses of one and crossed the other you have 
held closer relationship with Dame Nature than 
ever before. 

September should be called the month of 
many names. The Roman Senate would have 
given it the name of Tiberius, but that Em- 
peror opposed it ; the Emperor Domitian gave 
it his own name, Germanicus ; the Senate under 
Antoninus I'ius gave it that of Antoninus; 
Commodusgave it his surname, Herculeus ; and 
the Emperor Tacitus his own name, Tacitus. 



9th Mo 


. SEPTEMBER. 


30 days. 










1 










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H. M. S. 


H. M. 


H. M 


H. M. 




244 


1 


Tu 


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5 29 


6 .30 


10 52 




245 


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n .59 23 


5 30 


6 28 


11 43 


3U. 


246 


3 


Th 


n 59 3 


5 31 


6 27 


morn. 




247 


4 


Kr 


11 58 44 


5 32 


6 25 


42 




248 


5 


Sa 


11 58 24 


5 33 


6 24 


1 40 




249 


6 


H 


11 .58 4 


5 34 


6 22 


2 .54 




2.50 


7 


M 


11 .57 44 


5 35 


6 21 


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251 


8 


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1 1 57 23 


5 .36 


6 19 


. sets. 


N. 


2.52 


9 


W 


11 .57 3 


5 37 


6 17 


6 51 




258 


10 


Th 


1 1 .56 42 


5 37 


6 16 


7 28 




254 


11 


Kr 


11 56 22 


5 38 


6 14 


8 4 




255 


12 


Sa 


11 56 1 


5 39 


6 13 


8 41 




256 


13 


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11 55 40 


5 40 


6 11 


9 20 




257 


14 


M 


U .55 19 


5 41 


6 10 


10 1 




258 


15 


Tu 


11 .54 58 


5 42 


6 8 


10 46 




259 


16 


VV 


1 1 54 36 


5 43 


6 6 


11 33 


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260 


17 


Th 


11 .54 15 


5 44 


6 5 


morn. 




261 


18 


Kr 


11 .53 .54 


5 45 


6 3 


22 




262 


19 


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11 .53 33 


5 46 


6 2 


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263 


20 


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5 46 


6 


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264 


21 


M 


11 .52 51 


5 47 


5 58 


3 5 




265 


22 


Tu 


11 .52 30 


5 48 


5 57 


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266 


23 


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11 .52 9 


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267 


24 


Th 


11 51 48 


5 50 


5 ,53 


rises. 


K. 


268 


25 


Kr 


11 51 28 


5 51 


5 .52 


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269 


26 


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11 51 7 


5 52 


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7 25 




270 


27 


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8 5 




271 28 


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11 50 27 


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272 29 


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11 50 7 


5 55 


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273 


30 


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11 49 48 


5 56 


5 44 


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H. M. 


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374 


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11 49 39 


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Fr 


11 49 10 


5 58 


5 41 


morn. 




270 


3 


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5 59 


5 39 


41 




377 


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Fr 


11 47 9 


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383 


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^.S*'^^ 



VETA PASS. 



To the civil engineer Colorado has extraordi- 
nary things to show. Her railroads, passing 
through canyons thousands of feet deep, or over 
mountain passes above the clouds, are ac- 
knowledged by all who have ever seen them to 
be triumphs of engineering skill that have not 
only never been equaled, but have never even 
been approached. For sharp curves and steep 
grades, without which a road over the moun- 
tains would be impossible, the Denver and Rio 
Grande railway is one of the wonders of the 
world. A few years ago it would have been 
considered madness to attempt what its daring 
engineers have accomplished, not in an isolated 
instance onl>, but in a score of cases where the 
topography of the country seemed to defy 
further advance. We need mention only a few 
instances, such as Fremont's Pass, Marshall 
Pass and Tennessee Pass, where the iron horse 
mounts to an altitude of over io,ooo feet; the 
Royal Gorge of the Arkansas, where the chan- 
nel is so narrow and the river so rapid that 
genius resorted to the expedient of suspending 
a bridge from truss-work fastened in the walls 
of the canyon ; and Toltec Gorge, where, after 
passing through a tunnel bored through the 
solid rock, the train moves along the brink of a 



>,<*rr 



~Z^^, 



&^ 



''!«'5t^ 






CASTLE ■WARTBURG.— C. Hein. 



chasm l,2oO feet above I.os Finns Creek below. 
But more wonderful still is ihe Pass of La Vela, 
where, after makint^ the shortest curve on any 
railway m the world, llie train ascends the 
mountain siile on a ^rade from 21 1 to 217 feet 
per mile. 

A NEW adulterant of >;round jiepper is a finely 
eround preparation of tiie kernels of olive berries. 
If a sample of the suspected mixture is scattered 
uDon a mixture of equal volumes of glycerine 
and water, the pepper floats upon the surface 
while the crround olive kernels sink. 



It was in Castle Wartburc;, at Eisenach, 
that Luther found refuge after the Diet of Worms, 
and occupied his time with his translation of the 
Bible. Thiswasin 1521-22. The castle was built 
about 1070, by Louis, landgrave of Thuringia, 
and it was the residence of his successors for 
nearly four centuries. The site, a wooded 
hill, surrounded by rocky glens, is extremely 
picturesque. The castle was thoroughly re- 
stored in 1847, and adorned by Moritz von 
Schvvind with frescoes illustrative of its history. 
In 1867 was celebrated the eighth centenary of 
its foundation. 




A FLIRTATION.— Rudeaux. 




I 



l'i:i,pn ko( Ks are well-knouii Icalurcs ot tht 
scenery near Round Island, on the Sinnema- 
honing, a tributary of the Susquehanna, no 
miles from Sunbury, I'a. Near here is a very 
beautiful waterfall, 24 feet high. Landscape 
artists find in Pennsylvania varied and interest- 
ing subjects for their canvas, and tourists from 
all over the world are delighted with the 
charms of nature and the fieifection of modern 
comforts and facilities of travel in the wildest 
and most romantic regions. 

The first coach in Scotland was brought 
thither in 1561, when Queen Mary came from 
France. It belonged to Alexander, Lord Seaton. 




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DECEMBER. 


31 days. 


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Sai.vt Nicholas, Bishop of Myra.died about 
A. D. 340. He is invoked as the patron of sail- 
ors, merchants, travelers and captives, and the 
guardian of schoolboys, girls and children. In 
the Greek Church he ranks immediately after 
the great fathers. He has been reverenced in 
the West of Europe since the tenth century, 
and became one of the favorite patron saints 
of Italy and Northern Europe about the begin- 
ning of the twelfth. 

Christmas, as any one not acquainted with 
the fact might infer, is taken from the title, 
Christ, which was added to the name of Jesus, 
to express that he was the Messiah, or'" The 
Anointed." St. Clement, the earliest father, 
according to St. Epiphanius, fixed the birth of 
Christ on the i8th of November, in the 28th 
year of Augustus, /. e., two years before the 
Christian era, as adopted in the sixth century. 
The date now most generally accepted is Mon- 
day, December 25, A. M. 4,004, in the year of 
Rome 752. The divinity of Jesus Christ was 
adopted by the Council of Nice in A. D. 325, 
by two hundred and ninety-nine bishops 
against eighteen. 



l^f^JZ[EI?JET^I^J^J^JdIRI2IET^J^^^ 




LAS VEGAS HOT SPRINGS. 



A JAUNT THROUGH New MEXICO reveals to 
the traveler a wonderful country, which the most 
glowing words cannot do justice to. Composed 
of mountain and canon, giant forest, great falls, 
inexhaustible water-courses and health-giving 
springs, the scope for description is unlimited, 
but the multiplicity of phases defy our language. 
Through this section of our country civilization 
has closely followed the building of the railroad. 
Enterprising people have migrated into and 
scattered themselves over the surface, and towns 
have sprung up and grown as if by magic. Ho- 
tels bearing the stamp more or less distinctly of 
Eastern progressiveness are now seen, where for- 
merly, if at all, log, adobe and mud structures 
existed. The progress made in New Mexico has 
excited great interest, and, combined with the 
natural attractions, is rapidly gaining accession 
from the outside world. The floating population 
which pours through St. Louis on its way to the 
Pacific are thus afforded much to delight them 
en route, and seekers after health and pleasure 
alight here and there with beneficial and gratify- 
ing results.* 

From Atchison or Kansas City, a ride of less 
than forty hours in luxuriant palace-cars, com- 
bining every comfort, conveys the tourist to Las 
Vegas Hot Springs, New Mexico, in the pine-clad 
foot-hills of the Spanish Range of the Rocky 
Mountains — a spot which seems to have been 
designed by Nature for the very purpose it is used. 
Las Vegas, meaning "the meadows," lies on a 
lieautiful plateau comprising thirty acres or more 
of almost level surface. Stony clitts tower above it 
several hundred feet in the air, and a splashing 
stream — the river Gallinas — passes through it, 
flowing cold and swift from the snowy peaks 



of the Rockies. Here are a series of the most 
remarkabl* springs yet discovered in the land, 
and known to possess all the curative properties 
of the Arkansas Hot Springs, together with a 
climate dry and pure, and an electric atmosphere 
entirely free fnmi malaria. A comparison of 
these waters with the world-renowned healing 
waters of Karl.-bad, Germany, shows them to be 
almost identical in analysis. 

Former visitors at "The Montezuma," the 
famous Las Vegas Hot Springs hotel, which was 
burned down last year, v»ill be pleased to learn 
that a new "Montezuma" (which we illustrate) 
has been erected on a grander and more mag- 
nificent scale. The material is the beautiful red 
and white granite which forms the picturesque 
blufis of the CJallinas and is so abundant at the 
Springs. It is situated on an elevation com- 
manding a magnificent view of the Gallinas 
Canon. It is absolutely fireproof, and everything 
that the former hotel contributed to the pleasure 
and comfort of guests has been retained, and 
many new improvements added. Elegant and 
complete accommodations for 300 guests are now 
provided, and invalids receive the same kindly 
care and have every facility for enjoying the 
baths as formerly. 

Encouraged by the flattering patronage of past 
seasons, no cost has been spared to more than 
maintain the well-won reputation of the "l\Ion- 
tezuma " as one of the best inns between the 
Missouri and the Pacific, and the railroad com- 
pany to whom this building is due desei-ves the 
thanks of the jiublic for their enterprise. The 
schedules of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe 
Railroad furnish all necessary directions for reach- 
ing this resort. 




A FLORIDA HUMMOCK. -J. D. Woodward. 




PICCOLO. 



A Florida Hummock is a stretch of fertile 
and timbered land, on which grow in luxuriant 
profusion oaks, magnolias and laurels, also fig, 
orange, lemon, and numerous other fruit trees. 
The flowery kingdom is represented by hundreds 
of varieties, making the air redolent with perfume. 
Springs of pure water bubble up from the soil, 
forming crystal basins and sparkling rills. 

" Eenty, meenty, minety, mo," and "Eny, 
meeny, mony, mike," which children recite in 
some of their games and commonly considered 
gibberish, are in reality remnants of (he language 
of the earliest inhabitants of the British Isles. 



Dresses in the sixteenth century were costly 
articles, rich in gold embroidery and valuable 
material, as the relics tha:t have come down to us 
still show. Much art was expended on embroidery 
and delicate needlework, in which the skill of the 
worker was generally in advance of the taste of 
the designer. It may be of interest to know that 
Queen Elizabeth possessed a dress embroidered 
in a pattern of eyes and ears, and a yet more 
uncomfortable garment was manufactured at a 
little later date, viz., a robe worked in eyelet- 
holes, with the needle wUh which each hole was 
worked hanging to it by a thread. Perhaps our 
lady friends can revive the style ? 



m 



mm 



Mm 



' iliii' 



PICCOLA. 



In some of the Latin tongues of Southern 
Europe — the Italian especially, and the French 
in a similar degree, tliough in different modes — 
the terminations of words have great influence in 
explaining their meaning, and those of proper 
names actually determine their sex, as do the 
French prefixes " Le " and "La " tell to a cer- 
tainty whether a man or a woman is being 
spoken of. In Italian the most marked differ- 
ence is to be found in the "o " or "a" of the 
termination. In the pictures "Piccolo" and 
" Piccola " we have illustrations of this differ- 
ence, equally evident in the names and the per- 
sonalities. They are both Italian children, and 



srreatly illustrate the brunette and dark-eyed 
beauty of the land of poetry and song. 

An exchange calls attention to the immense 
utility of the cocoanut as food rations, and the 
valuable qualities which it has for supplying 
nutrition. Two men once drifted in a whale- 
boat to an island, where they remained for 
seven years before they were taken oft". They 
had no food beyond a chance flying fish and 
cocoanuts, and yet when they were rescued 
they were in excellent condition and had gained 
considerably in weight. 

England has $10,000,000,000 invested abroad. 



PRIZE PxECIPES 



May's Crullars. — 2 cups sugar, 2 eggs, i 
cup buttermilk (or sweet), i teaspoonful soda, 2 
teaspoonfuls cream tartar, 6 tablespoonfuls 
melted lard, salt and nutmeg. Not too stiff. 

Cottage Pudding.— i pint flour, i teacup 
milk, I egg, ^ teacup sugar, i teaspoonful soda, 
2 teaspoonfuls cream tartar, salt. Either soft or 
hard sauce. 

Sponge Cake. — 8 eggs, i pound sugar, ^ 
pound ffour, the grated rind of i lemon, or 
juice of ^ lemon and salt. 

Brown Bread. —i cup sponge, i cup corn 
meal, 2 cups coarse flour, 2 tablespoonfuls 
molasses, a little salt ; wet with milk. Stir stiff 
as you can. Let stand in pans till raised. 

To Can Fruit. — i teacup sugar to i quart 
fruit, and very little water. 

Sweet Pickling.— 3 pounds of sugar to 7 
pounds of fruit and i pint of vinegar ; cinnamon ; 
and stick 3 cloves in each fniit. 

Marble Cakk— Light Part.— i cup white 
sugar, jA, cup butter, ^ cup milk, whites of 3 
eggs, 2 cups flour, ^ teaspoonful baking 
powder. Dark Part. — ^ cup brown sugar, j^ 
cup butter, y^ cup molasses, U cup milk, yolks 
of 3 eggs, I nutmeg, 2 cups flour, 2 teaspoonfuls 
cinnamon, i or 2 teaspoonfuls allspice, j4 
teaspoonful baking powder, salt. 

Corn Bread. — i quart Indian meal, 3 hand- 
fuls flour, 3 teacups sour milk, I teacup sugar 
or molasses or half and half, butter size of egg, 
2 eggs, I teaspoonful soda. 

Roll Jelly Cake. — 4 eggs, i cup sugar, i 
cup flour, I teaspoonful baking powder, salt. 
Bake in quick oven. Spread jelly on bottom of 
cake while hot ; then roll. 

Household Measures. — i pound flour=i 
quart; 18 oz. meal=i quart; i pound butter=:i 
pint; I pound sugar=i pint; 10 eggs=il pound. 

Strawberry Ice Cream. — Rub i pint of 
strawberries through sieve, add I pint of cream, 
4 oz. powdered sugar, and freeze it. 

Suet Pudding.^ i cup chopped suet, i cup 
raisins, i cup molasses, i cup milk, 3 cups flour, 
I teaspoonful of baking powder, salt. Boil 3 
hours. 

Grandma's Doughnuts. — 6 cups dough, 
I cup sugar, 3 or 4 tablespoonfuls melted lard, i 
egg, 14. teaspoonful of baking powder ; salt and 
cinnamon. After cutting let stand for an hour 
before frying. 

Quick Biscuit. — 3 cups flour, i cup milk, i 
tablespoonful of butter, 2 teaspoonfuls baking 
powder ; salt. 

Ginger Snaps — 2 cups molasses, i cup 
shortening, I teaspoonful of baking powder, i 
teaspoonful ginger ; salt. 

Angel Cake. — i^ teacups pulverized jugar, 
I teacup flour, whites 10 eggs ; ^2 teaspoonful 
baking powder ; salt and flavor. 



Fruit Cake. —2 cups butter, 3 cups sugar, 
2,% cups flour, 8 eggs, i pound raisins, i pound 
citron, i teaspoonful cloves, i teaspoonful cinna- 
mon, I nutmeg or a little mace, i gill brand v or 
milk. 

Corn Cake. — ^ cup sugar, i tablespoonful 
butter, 4 eggs, i teaspoonful baking powder, i 
cup flour, I quart milk. Thicken with Indian 
meal. 

Puff Overs. — 2 cups sweet milk, 2 cups flour, 
2 eggs, salt. Bake 15 minutes in quick oven. 

Eureka Pound Cake. — 4 cups flour, 4 cups 
sugar, 2 cups butter, 6 eggs, i cup milk, 2 tea- 
spoonfuls baking powder. 

Bermuda Cake. — 2 cups molasses, i cup 
sugar, I cup butter, i cup milk, i^ pound raisins, 



^ pound citron, i nutmeg 
cloves and cinnamon. 



8 eggs, 4 cups flour. 



Rice Pudding Without Eggs. — 2 quarts 
milk, i^ to 2 teacups rice, i teacup sugar, i tea- 
cup raisins, butter size of an egg, nutmeg. Bake 
2 hours. 

Sugar Cookies. — 2 cups sugar, i cup butter, 
I cup milk, 2 eggs, i teaspoonful baking powder, 
I nutmeg, flour to roll soft, salt. 

Corn Fritters. — i dozen ears sweet corn, 2 
tablespoonfuls flour, 3 eggs, salt, little milk. 
Fry in sweet lard. 

Orange for Layer Cake.— 4 oranges, grated ; 
whites of 2 eggs, 2 tablespoonfuls water, ij4 
cups sugar. Boil eggs, sugar and water to- 
gether 15 minutes; then mix with orange ; then 
spread . 

Ripe Tomato Pickles.— 2 gallons tomatoes, 
peeled, not sliced ; i pint vinegar, 2 pounds 
sugar. Mace, nutmeg and cinnamon to taste. 

To Make Coffee — Boiled. — ^ pint ground 
coffee, I quart boiling water, white of one egg 
and shell of same. 

Jelly Water. — i large teaspoonful currant 
or cranberry jelly, i goblet ice water. Beat 
up well for fever patient. Wild cherry or black- 
berry jelly is excellent, prepared same, for sum- 
mer complaint. 

WiNE Whey. — i pint boihng milk, i large 
glass pale wine, poured in when milk is hot. 
Boil up once ; remove from fire and let cool. 
Do not stir after wine is in. When curd forms, 
draw off whey and sweeten. 

To Wash Doubtful Calicoes. — Put tea- 
spoonful of sugar of lead in pail of water ; soak 
15 minutes before washing. 

Antidote to Poison.— For any poison 
swallow instantly a glass of cold water with tea- 
spoonful salt and teaspoonful ground mustard 
stirred in. This is a speedy emetic. When it 
has acted swallow whites of two raw eggs. 

Cologne Water. — i drachm oil lavender, 
I drachm oil bergamot, 2 drachms oil lemon. 2 
drachms oil rosemary, 50 drops tincture mu-^k, 
8 drops oil cinnamon, 8 drops oil cloves, i pint 
alcohol. 



THE BLADE A N N U A I 

— AND— 

HISTORY OF CLOUD COL NT Y. 



Bv J. M. HAGAMAN. 



As time widens tho distanco bctwoiMi -thick and Ihinr in spite of scalpinjx 
tiie past and present, so in proportion Indians, droutli and .grasshoppers. Tlie 
does the past become of interest to those nien, their wives and families Avho did 
now living. We look upon scenes of to- this, were tho.se who established thei. 
day with cold indifference that a geuer- homes on Elm Creek, Julv loth 1800." 
ation hence will ransack the records to Attemps at settlement were made in the 
find the smallest information concern- spring of this year at Elk Creek, Lake 
ing. So when the stiring scenes on this Sibley, Wolf Cree and Elm Creek, but 
border were being enacted; when the all of these M-ere abandoned by those 
buffalo covered every hill and valley; the ^vho made them, the first and last being 
brutal savage, with tomahawk and scalp- the only ones that can, with propriety, 
ing knife, menaced the few and scattered be said to have been continuous. For 
settlers, many things occurred that were during a portion of the month of August 
deemed by them of but passing mo- the only persons living in the county 
ment, that would be read by strangers ^ypre the residents of Elm Creek. 
hence, with quickening interest. In the This was the "great famine year" so 
excitement of battle the expiring words heralded over the world, the "poor set- 
of a comrade "tell my mother I died a tiers being driven from slarvatiton to the 
soldier's death" is scarcely more than eating of rat-^! + About the first of May 
heard by his brother soldier, but as a drouth set in which lasted till the last 
time rolls on, —an age has past— and week in Jnly, when copious showers 
the whispered words of the dying youth fell. During the intervening period there 
have echoed among hills and valleys ^as no rain and sod corn planted in 
around the earth. And very much like May and June did not sprout until the 
this is there in the experience of the front- July rains. And yet in the creek and 
iersman. He will hear of a mas- nver bottoms in the county grass was 
sacre where whole families have growing luxuriantly, trees were robed 
been murdered by the savages, in brightest green and the black walnut 
and so little thought does he take was loaded with fruit; along the numer- 
of those to come after him that he does ous creeks gooseberry bushes bent under 
not even jot down the date where it oc- their ripened fruit, while the wild grape 
curred! Of the present he cares some- hung in festoons from the treetops and 
thing, of the future, nothing. "Let the spread far and wide over the timberless 
'future' take care of itself," is his motto, river bottoms. Surely all these could not 
For this neglect many important events have been without seasonable rains? 
of early life on this border will remain But the uplands werein amelanchoUy 
untold; or will be indifferently told; contrast with the scenery just described, 
and many others will be forever mute Here was seen, in the seared grass and 
for another reason, — tliere are none but 

the actors to tell them. Thev are not • j. m. iia-aurin, wir,- ana on.' chilli; .). .m 
egotists and will not therefore speak. '^;.\\';'|;-,;V,|,V;.;1irL'' '^ 

Our first inquiry is "When and where 
was the first settlement made V . .,., . . .,,•,, ^ i , 

Avoiding debatable ground as much «'Iipsi<m- (nv^iu-.s nnw on pcmi-Ii t m-k) ;n..l o,:,. 

" '^ or f.vo other rariics, out ot a todiiij;- ol cnrio^- 

as possible, we will speak of "permanent itv, k lie I soiiu- wood rats ami ate thcni .\r 
settlement.- Hunters and trappers; J/;rv^T.uMlrko'lh:.;r^rX- ulnUo'^K-n 

claim takers without settlement,— have, IIilmc hai,i)en(" to l.c a ;,a-iitlenia:i i.rcscnl •■> \,i, 

. - . , , . , saw ill it a fliaiu-e lor fi sensation and he ini- 

m my judgment, no right to this honor proved it He wc-nt mst ami toUi the story 

Thnf roate nr clinnlrl rt>cf niinn thn«o with much pathos and secured many a two (t(d- 
inat rests, Ol SllOUia re.>,t, upon tnose ,j^,.^ j.,„. ,■',. i,i,„sel|- ami lilty eeln-< for Ihe 

Viho fjiettled and stayed here, througVv '• Kansas suuvrers." 



HISTORY OF Cl^ori) COrNTY. 



cniL-keil ciirtli, the too t'oii\ iiu-iii^ t'vi- 
doncc of jji'otrafti'd drouth. Yet tho 
true pioneer was undismayed In' this re- 
})idsive condition of the ii])lands, — there 
was enouj^rh of the valley hinds to main- 
tain a large ijopulation, and whether 
these woulil do for farming ))uri)oses or 
not "he would N^/y and make the mos( 
ofit.""- 

On the hills grazetl millions of the 
noble bison and in the slender timber 
lines along the numerous streams 
hovered innumerable floeks of wild 
turkeys. The elk, the deer, the anti- 
lope, the grey wolf and the coyote, 
skipped and jdayed, fed and hunted on 
the broad i)rairies and in the timber; 
an occasional flock of grou.se \vere start- 
led from the ])rairies, lish in abundance 
were foiuid in the Re])ublican river, and 
along its banks, and likewise it> numer- 
ous tributaries, otters, and coons hunt- 
ed tlu' tinny tribe and the sagacious 
beaver felled trees and fed ui)on the 
bark of the liml)s, l)uiltdanis across the 
streamlets, to conceal the entr.,nccs to 
their h(uises, and s])orted in the dam- 
med \i]) waters. What a ])aradise was 
this for the hunter! What a magnificent 
country in which to establish a homel 
It was no doubt true that occasionally 
the clouds would fail to sufficiently con- 
dense to i)recipitat(» rain, Inil tiie splen- 
ilid growth of timl)cr, of shrubbery, of 
the suntlower on the liighest of lands ail 
told quite truley that seasonable rains 
were necessary to produce them. 

"Tickle the' earth and she smile> a 
croji" is as old a saying as Egy])t is old, 
l»ut it was as true of this coiuity during 
the first seven yeai's of its settlement as 
ever it was of that "grainery of the 
world" in liie days of tiu' banislicd 
dose])'!. 

Tlu- sp/ing of ISIil opened out with 
tiu' briglilest of ])ros])ects for a good 
crop season. The winter had witnessed 
a two f(H't fall of snow, and the last of 
February warm rain Ix'gan to fall, the 
snow soon de))aried, tlu' frost left the 
ground and the oth of March the cattle 
of the .settlers fed upon the young and 
tender gra-s to the satisfying of their 
ai)])etites. Early in April the soil was 
IM-epareil for wheat and \)\ the 10th 
that cereal v.as sown for the tirst time 
in the Rej)iiblican Valley. It l)ronght 
forth abundant grain — JJO bushels to tlu' 
acre bein.g tlu' actual yield, and of the 
very best (|nalily. A> .■>oon as practic:'.- 
lile tlu' virgin prairie, tluit had never lie- 
t'ore in tiie myriads ofages past, been 
touclu'd l)v (he hand of cultivation, wa-^ 



\i\ iiiiiiiiii'i -1, 1,1 ['n^ \ :i 
riiMUiir.il |i.i,|ii-. ■-. 
tlnl lln'\ \\ '•.'.U\ il'. <.' I 
lii.|i.-\."t tli'V V, ,m1.I Ik 
llljlc a> 111!' i iiinnu 1. 1 



A .Ti' \ i';\- iiriiMi (U\ iili'il 
li I' Uii- iiiil;i:iil- I'n- tl:;- 

iln- in;ij.rril\ ii:.--i-iin,L:-. 
r >;r.i/.iii>;\ wliiU' ntliiTs 

ViV all l):irp >>('S.M - \ ;il;l - 
I'ls !1. 



turned over and in its l)os(mi was de- 
posited the germ of the future corn 
crop. Potatoes, turnips, and the usual 
"garden truck" of eastern civilization 
received ])roper attention, and in all 
was thei-e a l)ounteous yield, so that the 
autumn of 1^(51 found our infant colony 
with enough and to spare of the most 
e -^ential of the ])roducts of the soil. 

But now that they have raised corn 
;.nd wheat whither will they go to grind 
it? Council (irove, 90 miles, Table 
Rock, 110 miles, were tiie nearest mills 
and to the tirst they went with their 
wheat and corn. T'edious trijis were 
lliesein these early days when roads 
were almost imknown and bridges 
there were none, 

Now that they have a crop can they 
market it? No'l Not a dollar's worth 
of any produce did a num of this settle- 
ment sell in Cloud (SJiirley) county foi' 
the tirst three years of its settlement. 
They sold, or rather bartered in distant 
towns for goods they had to have, bm 
the prices of the goods were very high 
and the price of their products very low. 
We will mention one ca.se as an illustra- 
tion of this "dicker." Sto])ping at 
^larysville on their return from one of 
these trii)s to mill, the ])arty of three 
exchanged some tlour for goods. 
Among the articles exehauged for was 
a pair of "goof kij) ijoots," astheger- 
man Jew called them, and if he had 
just addeil "good for nothing," he 
t would have told, probably, more truth 
lian he had previcnisly told for a month, 
lie ])Ut them on and went on a liutValo 
hunt and the fourth day he was w(>ar- 
ing moccasins cut from the skin off" the 
knee,-, of abuttalol Lucky too, in getting 
the builalo, for the l)oots had teetotall\ 
failed — the' insoles lieing made of pa])erl 
Three dollars per hundred was the 
j)rice agreed to l)e ])aid for the flour, 
Itut which in fact, did not amount to the 
half of that in value. And yet we hold 
to day, in very high regard, that (Ger- 
man Jew, for we had to have some 
goods, at whatever sacrifice, and he 
was the only man in the hundred miles 
of travel we could get any oHei- at all 
for our Hour and \Ve had no other way 
of getting them. 



1111-; FiKsr wiNTKif ly shiklkv. 

How did the (iolonists .spend their 
tirst winter, might lie a matter of inter- 
est to tlic^ reader. It is not to be su))- 
pu,sed they imitated their eastern friend> 
and spent it ingoing to lialls, and part- 
ies, and religious and othei' assem])lies, 
for their condition and immbers would 
not im])ly tliis, but they enjoyed them- 
selves, nevi'rtheless. In a disaster a 
,sea, when the wild waves dash furiously 



HISTORY OF CI>OlT) COUNTY 



M^";iiu.>l the ^lii])"> si(lt'> and she tTcak.s 
ami <?roan.s in evory joint, and fear is 
))revalent anion<j; tiie ])assengers tlial 
cach suceeedino; wave will swamp Ib.o 
vessel, all thought of caste, of pre-eniin- 
eiu'c l)y l)irlh or wealth is aliandoned 
and all l)ee<)nie as e(jninion ])t'oj,le. 
A brotherly and sisterly feeling ]»revails 
friendly feeling, as of one kindred, 
tlesh and blood. Not unlike thi> was 
the feeling that animated tlie pioneers 
of this county. Cut off from t'.ie worhl, 
tliev lunl to rely u])on tli(>ir own re- 
sources, and tSie meagre means they 
commanded l\>r thoir recreation, ))leas- 
ure and pastime, and, tho strange it 
may seem, of these they were never in 
want. With that degree of caution 
thai comes of necessity they sticured 
during the previous autumn enougli of 
llie "staff of life"' tocarry them tlirougli 
i! long winlei', for lliat having lieen 
reared in tlie north, were they used to. 
(iame was plenty and, skilled in hunt- 
ing and markmanship, no difliculty was 
exjicrienced in pi"<>curing it. Trapping 
the beaver and otter offered other means 
of enjoyment and wliicli also was a 
resource of revenue. But tlie i)rinci]ia] 
source of enjoyment was the neiglibor- 
!y feeling that brought those liardy 
pioneers oft(Mi togetlier in social circles. 
Scarcely a night ])assed during the tirst 
winter without the little grooj) of i)io- 
neers meeting together at s(mie ni'igh- 
bor's liouse and spending t!ie evening 
at cards, followed by lliose refreshments 
the wild condition of the county atrorded 
conversing u))on the topics of tlie times 
— the ]n'os])eci of civil war and the 
future of this country. No pen need 
])ortray the liardshii)s of this first winter 
of this colony in Shirley for compara- 
tively few in the east, fared as well, 
while many thousands fared worse. 
'Tt was the hajiijiest period of my life," 
have they been individually heard to 
sav. 



CHAPTER II. 

IM.MKXSITY OK THE BIFF.VLO. 

I do not sup])ose itjiossible for me 
to satisfactorly convey to the minds of 
1 liose who never saw any of the vast herds 
of Imffalo that once roamed over the 
plains of Kansas, of tlie immense num])er 
of th(jse wild cattle tiiat existed twentv- 
fonr years ago. Estimates of ten mil- 
lions have been regarded by many whose 
judgements are worthy of consideration 
as too high, while others having ex- 
))erienc among them have put the 
figures much higher. The writer be- 
lieves his opjiortunities for (jitesfiuig 
were (^uite as good as any person's, if 
not better HevieM-ed the vast herd« 



a- they passed South in th<' 
Fall and North in the Si)ring in tlie 
years IHGl, 1S1J2, and 1883, and before 
the fearful decimation of their numl)ers 
had liegun, and he unliesitatingly puts 
it at twice ten millions, and believes it 
to he much Jiigher still than that. 
Let us make a little calculation: On 
September 8, 18t)0, tJic line of march 
of the buffalo extended from Elm Creek 
on the East to Randall, in Jewell 
county, on the West, a distance of 
Ihirty"^ miles. If, now they walk twen- 
ty feet ajiart for that distance and 
each line ])asses a given point once a 
niinu1(> for 24 hours there would pass 
in one minute T,!)20; in one hour 47.'i,2()i) 
and in twenty foui- hours 1 1,-;04,8()(). 

P)Ul this ealculation p'-esume.-; what 
(lid not exist. It is based f)n tlie as- 
sumiition that tlie buffalo moved regu- 
l.arly which was far from lieingthe case. 
On the contrary their movements weri< 
s])asmodic. A great rush of hundn'ds 
of tlioiisands, blocking the jirairie a< 
fai' as the eye could penetrate, and then 
there would be a lull for hours, bi which 
a few hundreds of thousands would 
pass on, and then another rusli, as in- 
tense and numerous as before. This is 
kept uj) for a whole iiionth and then for 
four orfivemonths more stragglers, from 
single ones to thousands, jiass S(mth 
over this thirty mile stri]), and West 
and East of it. Tlie writer having hun- 
ted and catniied I'oi- four weeks in the 
Autumn of 18(30 on this range (so called 
from its being tlie territory on which 
the buffalo fed and traveled)had an ex- 
cellent o})portunity of judging of 
the enormous numbei' of buffalo that 
existed. Not only did they pass by 
(hiyligdt l)Ut in the night also. Often 
has his camp been aroused liy th(> deafen- 
ing clatter of hoofs and tlie heavy 
intonations of bellowing bulls. So im- 
])ressed was he with the greatness of 
their number that he would not feed jus- 
tified in disjiuting a })erson"s statement, 
who had had a reasonable o])portunity 
of judging, should he ])Ut them as liigli, 
or even higher than fifty million I 

As matter of history we ma\ state 
that the early settler regarded the kill- 
ing of a buffalo about as much of a fete 
as the killing of a gray squirrel in New 
Y'ork state when they sported in every 
town. Thousands upon thousands were 
shot for mere sport or through mere wan- 
tonness, and left to rot on tln^ prairie. 

Ofallihal \ast army of butl'alo that 
roami'd at will over the vast pi'airies 
lying between the (ireat Slave Lake, in 
British America on tho north, and Red 
riv<'r, iu Texas, on the south what is 
left of themr A J'rU- Mrauglcrs in the 
head waters of the Missouri, and tho 
Dominion of ("auada, arc to be fotind' 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY. 



The mercik'.ss riHe of tlu' huntsman has 
done its fearful work and this famous 
beast is nearly extiet. A few years 
Iience there will be none— all will be 
<:;one. For a few years a few syjeeimens 
will b( kei)t in their i)urity;but "^hisjike 
all else, will ef)me to an end, and the 
noble raee is <i;one for all time to eome. 

Much has i)een written of the buttalo 
that was not true,— written by writers 
who had more love for the marvelous 
then Ihey had for tiie truth. 

The buftV.loin health and strength was 
.'1 coward except with his own kind. 
From tlie sight of a man standing erect 
he would flee. The sudden appearance 
of a wolf would often startle them for 
many miles and they would run away 
with* all their jtower. Yet we_ have 
i-!-awled on the ground in full view of 
ihousamls, and to within a few rods of 
them without starting them. Whywas 
this ? The era wYmg object was not to them 
a man Init let him arise to his feet and 
instantly they knew him to be their 
deadly foe. From the scent of a man 
they invariably tied. Thus proving that 
their sense of smell was more reliable 
than their sight. Rarely did a hunter 
approach in gun shor of a bi;t^'alo from 
the windward side. 

THE UI'FFALO NEARLY EXTINCT. 

In glancing back at the ages past 
and viewing the world as revealed by 
the pen of the historian, the rocks and 
fossils, one stands awe stricken as he 
gazes upon the myriads of races of ani- 
mals that have lived and died— leaving 
nothing behind thi'm but their foot 
prints in the clay or fragments of their 
frame work in marshy lands. They 
have ])erished through the law of evo- 
lution, of tlie "survival of the iittest," 
and the l)urtalo are going— are nearly 
gone— the same way. A generation 
hence and not one full blood, on the 
globe ! Like his predecessor, the giant 
mastodon, he is too cumbrous for the 
time and he "must go" and make room 
for a better, more' useful race of ani- 
mals. 

Much has been written alxjut the "su- 
})erior value" of the InilTalo over the 
domestic ox for food, but this is simply 
al)surd. True, to a jjerson who has a 
peculiar relish for shwiv. the buftalo 
would prove a dainty dish, but as most 
Ijeojde })rct\'r 'lli'sIT to leather 'meat' to 
liem]U'n cords, the ox would be far 
the most valuable to them. A century 
or two of domestication might make 
the buffalo the equal of the domestic 
ox, but why take the trouble, he could 
never be superior? The "hump," 
which has been extolled so much is, 
indeed, the least valuable for food. It 
is coarse grained and tough, far infer- 
ior to the ham. 

However, the buifalo subserved a 
good purpose to the early settler. His 



flesh \vas eatable, his hide served for 
bedding and moccasins. His tallow took 
the i)lace of lard in the culinary depart- 
ment. Without him the settlers could 
not have survived on this border in the 
early days, and for this reason alone 
we tender him our "homage and our 
thanks." 

Noble beast ! with all of your imper- 
fections, you have subserved a good pur- 
pose, and as you are no longer needed, 
pass on and make room for your su- 
periors : So has cold, selfish, heartless 
nature bid mj'riads of other races go, 
and it is no worse for you than they. 
The time is not far distant when the 
last crack of the hunter's rifle will be 
heard by you, the tales of the sports- 
man will keep alive for awhile your sad 
memories, but that too, will cease and 
you will be forgotten. 

Thus will end the career of one of the 
most important of the brute races. 
First found in the East, gradually has 
he been driven Westward, like his com- 
panion, the red man, to perish, finally, 
in the rocky mountains. 



CHAPTER HL 

THE GOODS AND ILLS OF FKONTIEl? LIKE. 

During the year of 1861 several addi- 
tions were made to the settlers by the 
arrival of immigrants, but the repeated 
threatened out Vjreaks of Indians dis- 
couraged many from coming and caused 
some settlers to leave. 

The s]>ring of 1862 opened up less 
favorably than did that of 1861, but un- 
dismayed by this and the bad reports 
from i860, our colonists went bravely 
to work and planted as though the 
adaptability of the country to farm- 
ing had been demonstrated, and success 
again crovvn<Hi their eftbrts. Timely 
rains fell and the ])roduce yield was 
large. 

One of the great inconveniences the 
settler was compelled to undergo was 
that of seeking a distant marKet for 
his products. It has been the case in 
settlement of most of the western states 
that the incoming immigration would 
buy, a portion at least, of his 
surplus produce, but not so here. The 
arrivals were so few and their demands 
so trifling that the producer was scarce- 
ly benefitted by them, so he had to seek 
a market elsewhere. Having this ob- 
ject in view several settlers loaded their 
wagons with corn, butter, and sorghum 
and started in June for Fort Kear- 
ney, one hundred and forty miles dis- 
tant, in Nebraska. The bridges on the 
old Fort Rilley and Fort Kearney road 
having been washed away during the 
unprecedented high waters of 1861, a 
new road had to be chosen. Accord- 



liisTOKV oi' (i.on) corxTY 



ingly two });irtii's set out, onc^ from 
(-lifton and the other from Elm creek, 
and .ioinin<; at F^lk they traveled north- 
westi'riy over the divide (Iiightof u'roiu^tt 
between two streams) I)etween Elk and 
Salt creeks to the hmvd of the l:;tter 
stream, and then continued this course 
until they rt'ached the little Blue river, 
alon.ii: which ran the <;reat "overlanc! 
route" to Colorado, Utah and California. 
Here they found a liard beatrn road 
more than a hundresl feet wide and on 
either side of it lay, (|nite plentifully, 
skeletons and carcasses in various slagcii 
of decomijosition, of oxen and niuk's, 
which had been driven to di-ath or 
starved . 

Their corn netted them in Fort Kear- 
ney i)2.\ cents per InisheJ; sor^^hum .$1.00 
i)er.ii"allon and l)Utteri)() cents per])oi;n(l. 
Payment.s- were made in greenbacks. 

This was a pleasant and ])rolitabl(- 
trip, made in the jiieasantest time in 
the year. A f<!W buti';does were seen on 
the head of Rose creek and one of the 
party, having been sent to kill one, did 
so.^ Badly wounding him at the first 
shot, he conceived the idea of driving 
him to camp. It did not work well. 
The bntfalo would drive for a few rods 
and then he would turn on his })ursuer 
and drive hinj! This was re])eated 
several times, the biifialo gaining 
each time, so tliat at the end of a half 
hour he was farther from camp than 
wiien the driving begun! Night a])- 
proaching the hunter tinished him with 
another shot, and, like hundreds of 
thonsimds of others of his race, he was 
left to rot. 

From Salt creek to the Blue river, 
thirty miles, there was not a settler and 
only ranches along the great highvi'ay 
uj) that river. •■■ 

The.se were usually six to twelve miles 
a))art. 

How often in the liistory of a new 
country infested with Indians the inhab- 
itants dream of safety when the savage 
was lurking in th(^ bushes wilii deadly 
intent! Thus thought th.is little band 
as they were eating their breakfasts on 
the head of Salt creek on their retiu'n. 
Not one but what woidd have bet his 
outfit that tluM-e was not an Indian 
nearer tiien fifty miles and those the 
friendly Otoes, when, of a sudden, eight 
Oheyennes in full war costume rode uj) 
on a hill right close to the camp! They 
were armed to the teeth, having bows 
and arrows, each a revolv(>r and riile, 
tomyhawk and knife. Had they been 
disposed they could have shot every 
man of our company before their pres- 
ence was suspected. Two yeai's later 
that would have been their fate. They 

* Ajiliice for I'eoiliu.u: s'ock. au'l llic )-nc]iPv.> 
a IV ca Hod • 'ra'ii'hmi^u.". 'I'lic usual diarsc 
this ibk- ol Fort Kcariipy wa.s -10 cent!:' ;i tcarn 



were friendly now, Init two years after- 
wards this and another band, miu-dered 
tiiirty-tive ranchmen on the Litlle Blue 
where om* party had been. 

They, and several hundred oiI'ers,li:',d 
been pursuing the Otoe Indians v/ith 
the d(>termination of slaying them. In 
liiis they were foiled by th(> vigilance of 
tlie i)ursued. 

The company hastened l.omc, kt.ov^ - 
ingfullv.-ell that other b:inds hadap- 
l)eared on the border. 

The settlements were in commotion, 
many settlers having lied the country, 
some of them never to return. As they 
went, ])itiful tales they told of Indian 
outrages, but non(> "however, heyonci 
l)etty thieving, wen' committed. 

Late in the sunimi'r of this year a dis- 
graceful outrr.ge was committed a<2;ainst 
a family named Conkling. The family 
consisted of Peter and Charles, men 
grown, and (wo sisters, Roxy and Ann 
and a small child. Stories were circu- 
lated again.st the boys that they had 
s(X'reted stolen horses and on the 
sti-ength of this report a molj from 
^Vashington and Clay counties tore 
down their house and turned the two 
women and child out of doors. The 
boys made their escaj)e and a week 
or two afterwards a friendly neighbor, 
at the risk of his life, moved them to 
Paola. 

The charge of stealing, or secreting 
stolen horses, was made l)y an enemy 
and was without foundation in fact. 

They wei'e industrious and fru- 
gal, and had ! opened up ijuite a 
farm. The whole proceeding against 
them was a villianous outrage, and its 
originators deserved condign 'punisl:- 
ment. 

Another shameful outrage was perpetra- 
ted in May by the "wiJd'' Indi- 
ans. Mrs. Ann Wilson (Ann Chagron) was 
ret'irning home from Elm Creek where 
she had been visiting a family, her hus- 
band, George, was working for. He 
accoinpanied her across the river and 
had left her but a short time when six 
Indians rode u]) on horse back, and live 
dismounting, outraged her jjcrson. 
Their treatment of her and her babe 
was of the mo.st brutal kind. Seizing 
the child they gave it a fling and sent it 
rolling over the prairie. Ijayinghold of 
her they threw her to the ground anil 
l)oi.sed a lance over her throat theaten- 
ing death if she did not cease calling for 
help. Having accomplished their dia- 
bolical i)urpose they rode oft" and she 
made her way, a.s best she could, to the 
nearest settlement and told of her 
wrong. There Ijciug bul one or two 
horses in the country at tliis lime, ])er- 
suit wa*^ not attempted and tlie outrage 
went uurevong."d . 

Several outrages were por])ctrated 



(5 



HISTORY OF CLori) COUNTY. 



fl)i>,vi'ar \i\ tlu' "wild" Indians ii])on 
Wiiffalo liuiiters, oiic otwiiicli we will iv- 
hif.'. 

In D-'tHMiibcr two Elm ( iTck s^^'ttlcrs 
went on a butialo hunt iiitendin<>; to lit' 
<;'onc' two weeks. They were well ])ro- 
vided with food for' themselve,s and 
feani of eattle and a horse. The see- 
ond day out, and shortly after erossiiiji; 
Solomon river, a })ai-t\ of dieyenne In- 
dians, numberin<r forty, rode down u))- 
(m them with their Heet-footed ])onies. 
as fa.st as they eould ride, and shoutinj; 
their dreaded war whoop as they rode. 
They were in full war ])aint and armed 
lo tiie teeth, and as they rode u]i to the 
lone men everyone of them leveHed 
some weai)on of death and ])ointed it at 
Ihem, and, with that devilish h;)ok that 
only the brutal, heartless savage can 
;j:ive, they held them for .some moments 
:ts if inteiidinji' lo do the work of death. 
They found in the men not the arrant 
cowards they had e.\i)ected — who would 
run and leave them in possession of 
Iheir cattle, horse and goods. So they 
contented themselves with taking, 
ijuite liberally of their stock of provis- 
ions—so "liberally" thert> was scarcely 
any left I The men retiu'ned home, not 
caring to venture tlieir lives further 
among a lot of cut throat sa\ages. 

li^O:}. This year opened n\^ aus])icous- 
ly for farming and continued favorable 
to the close of the season. Timely rains 
fell and crops were good, a few immi- 
grants arrived. Imt the periodical "In- 
dian scai'e" caused aliout as many to 
leave as came. On the range several 
outrages ii})on hunters were committed 
l)y the lawles.s bands of Indians that 
hovered near the border, constantly 
bent on robbery and murder. 

Early in January of this year an out- 
rage was ix'rpetrated on a party of 
three hunters on Limestone that de- 
serves to l)e related. The hunters had 
secured all the Iniftalo they wanted and 
were on their return, when about ten in 
the morning of a bright, clear, warm 
<l:iy, some thirty or forty of the most 
liendish looking savages rode down up- 
on theni threatening them with instant 
<leatli. They were relieved of their 
l)read, coiVee, tea and most of their am- 
unition, and after much rou^h treat- 
ment were jiermitted to go on tlieir way 
home. 

This outrage was made known to 

Lieut. in command of Co. I of 

the Dth Kansas Cavalry, who was in 
camp with his com])any at Clifton. He 
was stationed tliere to protect the l)or- 
der from Indian depredations and it will 
n(jt be uninteresting to the reader to 
know how he performed his w(jrk. On 
receiving notice of the outrage he or- 
dered his command to pre])are rations 
for themselves and horses for t/irec 
<lays and having done this they be- 
gan their march The first day "thev 



reached Elm Creek and the next day 
they came within tive miles of the place 
where the outrage occurred and now as 
they had l)ut ont' days rations left, and 
it would re(|uire two days to get back to 
camp, the Lieuti'nanl ordered them to 
"aliout face" and they returned 1 

That was a fare sample of the |)rotec- 
tion given the frontiers duiMng the 
tlark ])eriod of its history. Thou.santls 
of men idled away their time in camj) 
that had better been spent on the 
march — better for the health of the men 
and better for the country. The reason 
this was not done was becau.se the of- 
Hcers preferred ease and good pay to 
the hai'dships of the march and no in- 
crease of ])ay. The writer has nothing 
but supreme contemj)t for nine tenths of 
the "soldiering" against Indians. It 
has mainly been "shamming" \Var. 

The Hrst election held in this county 
was held this year. The whoh'' county 
wa.s one precinct and the voting place* 
was at the house of J. M. Hagaman, on 
P^lm creek. At this time it was suj)- 
posed by the people of \Vashington and 
Shirley counties that the cotmty was 
attached to Washington county a.sa mu- 
nicipal townshi]) and tiie election was 
held ajid the vote cast under that belief 
for Washinton county candidates. Buf 
Shirh'y was not so attached, however, 
and the votes cast here were all illegal. 
By some strange oversight when the 
county lines were formed, in 1859 — 60. 
the county was attached to Marshall for 
Judicial purposes, making it a muni- 
ci])ial township at that county, thus 
skip))ing over Washington cf)unty. The 
votes were su].)posed to be legal and were 
counted and elected Rufus Darby, 
straight Re})ublican, over J. (i. Hollen- 
bui"g, mixed Republican and Democrat, 
by two votes. J. M. Hagaman, of this 
county, was elected assessor. Twenty 
live votes were polled, twenty three 
being rei>ublican and two democratic. 
The jurisdiction of the assessor com- 
prised Washington, Rejnd^lic and Shir- 
ley, and it required seven hundi'ed and 
fifty miles travel to do the assessing. 
The taxable projierty amounted to less 
than one hundred thousand dollars. 
Sixteen days work was charged against 
the county at two dollars and fifty cents 
per day, and as there was no mtmey 
to ])ay this with, the orders had to be 
liawked around the county and sold for 
fifty cents on the dollar. 

Diiring the session of the legislature 
following, E. C. Manning, Senator from 
the district embraced in Marshall, Ri- 
ley, Clay, Washington, Republic and 
Shirley, discovered the error and had 
an act passed extending the lines of 
Washington county over Shirley and 
Rei)ublie, reserving the right to each 
to organize when it chose to and sever 
its uonuection with Washington 



HIsrOKY OF ClvOri) COUNTV. 



1864. Tho forepart of the winter of 
1863-4 was quite severe. On tlie 
third day of December a snow storm 
set in and lasted for three days, in 
which nearly a foot of snow felT. Tlie 
weather moderated towards the close 
of the month and the snow melted. 
Ice in the river was scarcely more than 
six inches thick at any time. Hunting 
on the range had become so hazzaixl- 
oxis it was not indulged in to any great 
extent. Yet there was no difticultv in 
picking uiJ now and then a straggling 
buffalo. 

The spring of this year was ushered 
in with assuring rains and a fair crop 
season seemed in prospect which was 
realized. 

In August came the "annual scare" 
and settlers fled from White Rock and. 
Republic county, going as far East as 
Clay Center. The danger of an Indian 
massacre was imminent, and doubtless 
would have occurred had not the peo- 
ple in the most exposed districts left. 

Tho.se on the Little Blue, in Nebras- 
ka, who heeded not the rejjeated warn- 
ings, paid the penalty of death for their 
rashness. Hunters who were caught 
on the buffalo range were roblied and 
in some cases murdered. It required 
more than ordinary courage to remain 
(m the border, yet a few families re- 
mained. Nearly all business was neg- 
lected and the principal talk was about 
Indians and of a probal)le raid by them on 
the the settlements. The excitement was 
greatly increased by a report brought 
in by Wm. Chapansk'ie, who with a little 
son had started for Fort Kearney with a 
load of produce, of the destruction of 
ranches on the Little Blue river. ^Ir. 
C. found the rancli at the junction of 
our road with the (rreat California road, 
smoldering in its ruins. He drove on 
to the next ranch and found it also in 
ruins, and still pushing forward, from 
the higlit of ground that gave him a 
view of the country for many miles 
ahead hi- could see no building standing 
and lie rel raced his steps and hurried 
home. 

The raid had lu'cn made and the 
deadly work done. Between Fort Kear- 
ney and the junction ranch over thirty 
five persons had been murdered, and 
several woman carried into captivity to 
be used to gratify the lust of tlie dirty, 
lousy, villianous savage. A score of 
randies had been Inn-ned and a large 
amount of stock and otiier property 
carried off. A Mr. Kelly was the tirst 
man to suffer death. A scjuad of Indi- 
ans, in the garliof friendshi]), called him 
out of his house and while engaged in a 
conversation with tliem, one slyly sent 
an arrow into his heart. Hestaggered 
back into the liouse and expired. The 
young woman to wliom he was shortly 
"to be married was carried intf> ca])tivi- 



ty. One family by tlie name of Eubank 
were all murdered but one woman •»\ho 
was carried off. A child was put into 
an oven and baked. Another while 
taking refuge in a well, was shot. A 
half dozen men and a woman in Pawnee 
ranch barricadetl their windows and 
doors and otherwise showed light and 
were saved. 

As m.iy lie expectctl the uncolored 
tale of Mr. Chai)anskie fed the embers 
of fear and it became a livid Hanie. 
The country sudd(Mily became nearly 
depopulated. ^Vives, with tears in 
their eyes, begged their husliands, "for 
God's sake and the sake of their chil- 
dren, to leave the 'God cursed' Indian 
pestered country. 

Still, !>ome refused to go, being deter- 
mined to maintain their ground or die 
n tlie atteni]) . 

At length a feeling was aroused tliat 
culminated in a determination on the 
part of the settlers to know the worst, 
and a party of about forty men well 
armed and under the command of ca])- 
tain Schooley started for the jilains. 
Reaching the mouth of W'hite Rock 
creek the captain called a council and a 
majority elected to return. A squad of 
a dozen, however, refused to obey or- 
ders tf) retreat, and headed by (r. I). 
Brooks and J.M. Hagamanthey scoured 
tlie country up \A'iiite Rock, and thence 
going south to the head of Limestone, 
followed down it to its mouth and re- 
turned home. Indians iiad been there in 
numbers, l)ut somethime jirevious. 
They left, undoul)tedl\ , immediately 
after the raid on tlie Little Blue. 

So, again, after the danger was past, 
the settlers had taken measures for 
their safety. 

For Mr. Schooley we will say I hat he 
was a consumate coward and alisoultel\ 
untit for the position of cajUainto which 
he had been chosen of a camjiing in the 
17th Kansas State Militia. Wh<^n he 
was about to leave on this expedition 
some of tiie wives of tht> men who went 
were much excited lest their husliands 
would get killed, lint the ca])tain's wife 
very confidently advised thein that 
"they need not fear as the ca])tain 
would not take them wiiere there was 
an_\ danger." She seemed to know 
him. 

On the return I if the twehc ami the 
assurance they brought, ipiiet was re- 
stored ami the settlers mostly returned 
to their homes. To them is due the 
credit of saving the settlements from 
abandonment and none will withhold it 
from them." 

» llii' liillow iiii; UK- IIk' liMliK^s til' I Iw 
jiavty: .1. .M ll;isr!im;in, 1st J^iciit : Daiii*-! 
.Mvci-.*, -Jul l.iiiU.: Saimicl C. (Iicstcr. .'inl 
T.iV'iif ■,iiii! (;. I>. I'.riioks Kii<i,tfn nlliccr nf Cn. 
( 11., 17tli I>("4inii'iil Kaiisa-; \iilnnt(>tT .Militia: 
('ivilia''>, AV. .M. Wilcox. l!icliai'(l C(iii.i;I)1(Mi, 
(,ti;irlc s lluiiIrcs'S anil -Tanifs *'. .\eely. 

Dii no: icniciiihL'r ikuiius of Ilip otili'ts. II . 



msTOKY OK (LOUD COUN'l'Y. 



The eastern line (»f uuircli y>i tiu.' l)Ul':i- 
lo, this yi'ar, wlicn on their poriodieal 
Journev north, jnissed alon(i; White's 
Creel:. A few stragglers were seen 
farther east. About the first of June a 
))art5' of Jumters from Elm C'j-eek left 
liom'e in the forenoon witli ox teams 
and just Ix'fore sundown they eame to a 
Iierd and kilknl nine in less tliau tifteea 
minutes after the tirst shot was tired. 
Ftn'ty or lifty \vere slauglitered on tiii:; 
hunt and a Inifalo ealf eaugiit. 

The rain-fall iiad deereased each year 
sinee 1831, the fall being about otJ inch- 
es that year, 81- inclies in 1862, '62 inch- 
es in 18(J8 and 80 inelies in 18C4. The 
rain this year, limited tho' it was, how- 
ever, eame timely and a fair ero]) of 
corn was raised. Wheat was remark- 
able for the amount of smut it con- 
tained. One tenth was smut! VV(! do 
not believe tho like was ever before 
witnessed. The cause of it is unex- 
Ijlainable. The next year's ci-op raised 
from this seed contained no more smut 
than usual. The writ(-r carfuUy se- 
lected tifty heads with smut kearnejs in 
each and sowed it by itself and the re- 
sult v>'as not a kearnel of smut in it. 
This and the general result alluded to, 
would seem to strongly disprove the 
theory that smut ))roducessmut. 

There was now quite a number of 
children of school age in the Elm Creek 
settlt^ment and th(^ people began to cou- 
sidi;r the necessity of having a school. 
Accordingly scliool district No. 4 was 
organized, with John M. Tiiorp, Di- 
rector, James M. Hagaman (.'lork, and 
Zachariah Swearingen Treasurer. Miss 
Koselhi S. Honey was employed as 
teacher."" The tirst term was held in a 
house furnished free ]\v J.M. Haganum, 
anil during this term a log scliool house 
was erected. It was placed on the 
S. E. corner of Sec. 81, — half a mile 
from Elm Creek on the ])arallel I'oad. 
iSliss Honey opened school al)out July 
lirst and tlie term ended September 80. 
She was again cm})l()ved and taught 
the winter scliool. April 18. she made 
the following re)»ort to the school board, 
omitting formalities : 

Males^ enrolled. 12 ; fem;>les, 9— total 
21. Subjects of study : Alphabet, 
spelling, reading, i^ennmanshi]), men- 
tal arithniatic, written arithmatie, 
geogra])hy and English (irammar. 
Text books, Sander's s'leller, detiner 
and analyzer. Readers, Wils;m's and 
Sanders'. Aritiimatics, Tliomi)son's 
First Lessons, 'i'luunpson's and Rays 
I'ratical. (reograi^hies, Cornell's; Gram- 
mar, Butler's. The report was made 
A))ril 18, 18').-), and signed. 

KoSKLLA S. MONKY. 

* i lie ^ii|u' rihlr:nl:i ;it oC W;isliin:;toii coiinly. 
iirj;iiii/.!'ii ihis ih^nicl At lli(! liltic tliui'c 
wei'c l)iit tliivo 'ii-ii'ii"ts ii) ilial ci.iiiity !\i:(l a>: 
Shirley was I he i a lownslr,]) ol" Washin.uton 
I lie Vi'trnlai' order nl' iiiinihcriii.ir inalr llii-; 'dis- 
iricl No. -1. 



i. T. (ioodnow was .•^tale Superintend- 
ent and visited this district and lectured 
in the autumn of 1804 on the advant- 
ages of education. The 'leetvu'e was 
delivered in the dwelling house of J. M. 
Hagaman and there were about twenty 
persons ])resent. It was now the duty 
of tlie State Sujierintendent to recom- 
mend school books, and Mr. (ioodnow 
recommended the Bible as the best 
moral instructor. Whether Miss 
Honey read it or not in school the 
writer does not remember. 

There has been some controversy as 
to who ])reached the first sermon in 
this county and the writer is unable to 
settle it to his satisfaction. The honor, 
— or otlu'rwise as the case uiav be, 
rests with Rev. R. P. West and — ^.Ma- 
lat. .The former preached here in 
October 1808, but we think he was pre- 
ceded by the latter some months. Mr. 
Malat was sent liere as a Missionary' 1 
After tvvo years of faithful service, but 
without any appreciabh^ elT'ect, he be- 
came discouraged, sluiok the dust of 
Shirley County from his feet and sadl^ 
remarked tliat the Elm Creekers 
"might go to hell for aught he eared, 
as his preaching had no effect upon 
them !" They did not go, however, 
which fact was possibly due to the 
kindness of the Rev. Marks, from Rost> 
Ci-eek, Nebraska, who took pity on 
them and "preached" them one .sermon. 
This gentleman jjossessed a stentorian 
voice, and for two hours made the 
"shakes" on the roof of the writers' 
house (juiver while he attempted to 
prove there was and could not be, an 
Intidel I The hugeness of this joke 
will apjiear when we inform our read- 
ei's that the writer's views on the Bible 
and religion were ])recisely the same then 
as they are now. Mr. Marks was a 
gentleman and very tolerant of other 
j)eople's views. He never again preach- 
ed on Elm Creek. Mr. We.st ]ireached 
occasionally afterwards. 

The winter of 18(54-5 was remarkable 
for the evenness and mildness of the 
temperature. The river closed early, 
the ice formed being about a foot thick 
and remained that way until after the 
first of JMarcli. Scarcely any snow fell 
during this winter, and this led many to 
])redict a drouth the next summer, 
which was not the case. The roads 
were of tirst class order all winter long, 
and two of our farmers, (R. Coughlen 
and J. M. Hagaman) improved th<> op- 
portunity to haul Iheircroj) of corn to 
Fort Riley and Junction City. The 
])rice realized was two dollars liity, and 
three dollars :v bushel. Fifty and' lifty- 
five bushels were hauled at a load. 
One hundred and fifty dollars for a 
wagon load of corn was not thought to 
be a bad ])rice ! 

There was scarcely :iny IjuiTalo hum- 



HISTORY OF C'LOl'l) fOUNTY 



ini;- (lone tliis wintt'j". Tlic risk was not 
worth the sport and jirolit. 

To show the kind and fraternal feel- 
in<;- the Government had for its fron- 
'ier subjeets, and the great wisdom 
that charactin-ized its course, we must 
mention tlie faet that a scout, wliose 
duty it was to ramble over the country 
and watch for and report "Indian signs" 
was employed at $125 a month and 
sent out here to the front. His name 
w„s (ieorge F. Oakley, and he was about 
as well fitted for that duty as Madam 
Bernhardt would he for a farmer's 
wife. Mr. O. was a graduate of the 
typo department of the Rochester 
IJemocrat and had never known hard 
work in his life, nor what it was to 
"rough it.'"" He boarded on Elm 
Creek during the winter, never going 
onee on a scout. 

ISfjo. There is but little to make his- 
tory of '.his year. The rain-fall was 
not heavy, but it came timely and the 
corn c-rop was fair. Other ci ops were 
very good. There was not much dis- 
turbance from Indians and for this rea- 
son u large number of ]ieo])le came to 
the county and took claims. Bufialo 
hunters pursued their s])ort without 
much molestation 

The slaveholder's war closed in A^jril, 
l)y the surrender of Gen. Lee, and the 
lieneticent etlects of peace were felt on 
th's far away frontier. 

The winter of 186.j-() was a severe 
one. Slow fell the middle of Kcvem- 
ber, the fall weather pi-ior to that time 
leaving beeii niagnilicenl. Following 
the first flurry of snow the weather be- 
(^ame intensely cold. Work on the Pa- 
cific Railroad. Eastern Division, which 
had progressed nearly to Manhattan, 
ceasjd, and was not generally resumed 
until Spring. A short period of sun- 
shine and warm weather and then 
more snow, about eight inches followed. 
There were over thrc^ months (jf win- 
try weather.. 

The first political convention ever 
held in the county was held this year 
in October at the house of ISIoses Heller 
on Elk Greek. In it was represented, 
Shirley, Repnblic and the Republican 
Valley portion of Wa.shington, and the 
(>])ject was to nominate a candidate for 
the legislature. The convention was 
h"ld at the instance of the Rev. R. P- 
W:'st, who wanted to go to the legisla- 
ture. Out of mischief, more tlian any- 
thing else, t'le Shirley folks determined 
to contest for tlie candidacy, and they 
selected, as their victim, J. ^I. Ha- 
gaman. The convention was called to 
order and the voting. beo;un, when the 
Rev. West found himself in the minor- 
ity ! in this dilema a happy thought 
struck him and that was to count 
those "whom he knew to be favorable 
to him." This was agreed to on the 
condition that the other side should be 



allowed tiie same privilege. Mr. West 
l)resented his proxies, which, it seems 
lie had slyly ]>rovidcd hira.self with, 
and then JVIr. Oakley, who was manag- 
ing the case of Mr. Hagaman, presented 
his proxies, which to the astonishment 
of tlie Rev. West, considerably outnum- 
bered liis ! Considerable quibbling and 
speech-making followed and the con- 
vention finally adjourned without mak- 
ing the nomination. Mr. West ran as 
an Ind(>pend<'nt candidate, hut was 
badly beaten. 

(^ne day in tiie month of October, a 
party of Wichita Indians camped just 
above the settlements on Elm creek, 
ami inisied themselves during the day 
beggingof the settlers. The latter freely 
gave them . That night they stole 6 hor.se.s. 
Messengers were sent over the countr^ 
and at sundown the next day a party of 
fourteen men, well armed,' began 'the 
pursuit. Being mounted on good horses 
and the trail being easily seen in the 
bright moonlight, the thieves were over- 
hauled as day began to dawn. Hobbled 
horses were first discovered, and a 
halt being ordered, Lewis Cassel^and 
J. M. Hagaman were delegated to re- 
eonoitre the camp. This delicate work 
was so carefully ])erformed that the 
position and numbers of the Indians were 
found. Returning without having 
caused the least alarm, they notified the 
party of the result of their reconoisance 
and a council was held to decide wheth- 
er to kill or capture the enemy. It was 
decided not to kill unless they showed 
light. J. M. Hagaman was chosen to 
lead the attack. He divided the men 
into three squads, with eight in the first 
line, four in the second, and two in the 
third. They were to march so that the 
squad of four was to come over a hill 
that intervened just as the eight aroused 
the sleeping savages. The object was 
to make the Indians believe that we had 
more warriors in reserve. The plan 
worked well. The first line rode up to 
the Indians before they knew of their 
presence, which was discovered by the 
chiefs wife. She alarmed the rest and 
in less time than we can tell it they were 
on their feet and tightning their' bows. 
It looked exceedingly war like at this 
moment, and the men appealed to their 
leader "for (iod's sake give orders to 
shoot." But the command was "not 
yet, keep cool." "There is an old In- 
dian in the hollow with his rifle cocked 
and i^ointed at you," said one of the 
])arty, addressing the commander, but 
.still lie bade them hold their fire. Dur- 
ing this exciting time the leader was 
parleyingwithtiie chief,allthe time hav- 
mg his revolver cocked, and pointed 
directly at his heart wit h his finger on the 
trigger, so that had he been shot the chief 
would have been also. Tlie naked body 
of the Indian was not more than two 



10 



HISTORY OF C'LOri) COUNTY 



tVct frf>m tliL' muzzle of the ix'\()lv('r. 
IVrhaps it was the certain deatliof their 
chief tliatwithheld the deadly bullet from 
oiu- Captain. 

Sternly and vehemently the old 
Chief denied an}' knowledge of the 
theft, and that his men had anything 
to do with it. To the truth of this he 
called God — tiie sun — pointing to it, to 
witness. As decidedly, and with equal 
emphasis our leader told him '"You lie, 
you stole our horses last night and now 
have them." "When white man sleep V ' 
said the old thief. "White man no 
sleep, saw you steal 'em." 

He turned to his warriors and saitl 
something very much in earnest and 
they tlung their weapons to the ground 
and jumped into the creek, swam 
over and rajjidly disa])peared in the 
timber. 

A bloodless victory was w<;n, and all 
that was left to dowas to gather up tlit^ 
spoils and return. Thirteen jxjnics and 
horses antl one mule, one super!) target 
riHe, a number of blankets, some l)o\vs 
and arrows, ])(>wder-horrs, moccasins 
and a few other articles were li.ke:), 
all of which were agreed to be n-tuiuctl 
if they would return our horses in thirty 
days. They were never returned, anil 
after nuiking those whole who had lost, 
the I'emainder was divitjed ;iuiong (lie 
fourteen •■ 

!Wi(). This se; son was more i'.i\<'i-- 
able to the farm:-r than the two )i'i- 
ceeding it. All cro])s were goct', b' t 
prices uei'c hjv,'. 

The influx of immigrants led the 
citizens to believe that tliey hr.d enough 
to entitle them to an organization. ' and 
as their rclalionshi]) witii Washingt<,u 
County had become olino.xious to tlieui 
they determined to cut loo^e from liei-. 
A ))etition was ])n)mptl\ signed a'ul 
.F. yi. Haganu'.n delegated to ])r(\sent il 
to the (Governor, which he did. The or- 
ganization was efi'ected on Auirust 
4th, by prochnnation of (iovernor S. J. 
Crawford. Henry l^ear, Moses Heller 
and George \^'ilco\ wert> ai)j)ointcd 
Commissionej's, and N. I). Haganj.in, 
Clerk. Elk creek was made the tem- 
porary county seat. The eh'ctioji foi- 
county officers and memixM- of the 
legislature was held on the general 
election day in Xovember. 'I'lie nomi- 
nating convention w.js held the ia.'^t 
week in August, and was jield in the 
Ehn creek school lion>e. John 15. 
Kupe was nouiinated for the legislalui'e 
liy the Kepulilican pai'ty, ;.nd was 



* .\ A Mi;s (U I ii:: r V UTV : .1 .M Hm--;. 111:111, (; 
I). I!r(H,lsS. I,c\\is (■.•isM'l. <;. F. (i;il<lc\. I.'ich- 

•\nl lldlH'V .I;il1lfS ( N'('cl\, (^llitcv Ul'jlHM , I) 

Holler. Ciilcl) (; lli.iri) .InVoh 'I luirn. ( li'iil lo.< 
linnnli c I aniKil iri'l tlie oilier r;mic'< .—II . 



elected ovir J. M. Hagaman, Independ 
ent Kepulilican. 

The ( 'ounty officers elected weic. 
Commissioners William English, Ed 

Neelj', Charles Davis. 

Clerk, Zachariah Swearngen, Treas\irer, 
Quincy Honey Sheritt' and . 

In this lirst election the contest over 
the selection of the county seat began, 
ajui it was the chief issue in every elec- 
tion until it was finally settled in 
December 1869. The places A^oted foi' 
were Elk Creek ( since Clyde) and 
Rochester. Tlie latter ])lace is two and 
a half miles east of Concordia, and 
was declared to be tlu' choice of the 
voters, and .so it remained until the 
election in IHGii. 

Elk Creek early became iml)ucd with 
the idea that it was the center of the 
United .States and that in time the 
brain and wealth of the nation would 
be loc:itcd there, and around it, as the 
focal )).'Knt, would revolve the whole 
univcr.M-. Its jxiimlation was made up 
<jf sharj-i'i-s, tricksters, scalawags, small 
fry |ioliticians, with an occasional 
spriidiling of modesty and morality, — 
just enough of these elements to save 
it from brimstone and tire. They re 
solved to have the county seat located 
there, whether by iair means or 
foul. Every man, political orotherwise, 
had this object in view. All their ef- 
forts were bent in that direction. This, 
fir.st, and then tln^ cajjital of the United 
States ! 

There were men on the stnith side of 
the Keimblican river who were equally 
determined to have the coimty seat on 
their side, but while they lacked the 
cunning, the want of candor, the decep- 
tive (|ualities that characterized their 
oyiponents, they were not destitute of 
shrewilness. They also had HKiirr on 
their side. 

Aliiuit the first work of Mr. Rupe, in 
the legislature, was to introdiu*e a bill 
to divide the county in the cen- 
ter east and west, and attach the 
north half to Republic and the south 
half to Ottawa, and thus obliterate 
Shii-ley comity. This action had been 
anticijiated l)y ,1. M. Hagaman, and he 
luid engaged the services of the mem- 
ber from Clay county to watch Mi-. 
R., and report, which he faithfully did. 
Remonstrances against this ridicidouslA 
unwise act were circulated and were 
freely signed. They were jint in the 
mail liag at Elk under the eyt> of a 
trusty friend and the bag watched until 
on its way east. "When ]\Ir. Rujie's bill 
came u)) on third reading the remon- 
strances were read ami the liill lost its 
heatl on motion of a friend of the 
county to strike it off. 

We have written of this nnitler at 
this late day because it is t)nc of 



HlsroKY OF CLOUD COUNTY. 



U 



important roimty history, and not as a 
rotleetion upon Mr. Rupo, whom \vt' 
hijrhly respect. We have no doubt but 
what he i.-; now as mueh i^leased as we 
are tliat tiie .seheme tailed. We (h) not 
lielie\'e it wa< his i(h'a. It was that 
of a (litt'erent ehis-; of men. wiiom 
we have referred to a-< "siiarjiers 
and trieksters." 

Mr. Rujie, like most new lej^ishUors, 
Wiis bound to tio;ure as an '"active mem- 
ber,'' .so he introduced anotlier bill to 
t'hauge the name of the county from 
Shirley to Cloud. His reason for doin<>' 
this, as we were informed at the time by 
a fellow member, was that the county 
was named Shirely after a •'Trumpet'" 
who used to figure around Fort Rile^v 
a.s a common ])rostitute. Mr. Rup'e 
meant 'strumpet,' but an impediment in 
his speech made him make the mistake. 

We do not believi^the story of naming 
the county after Jane Sjiirley, the harlot. 
It is reported to have been done to 
tantalize Col. Phillips, who was the 
))rincipal actor in defining the boun- 
daries of this first tier of counties west 
and along the Gth princijial meridian. 
As there were members in the legisla- 
ture from Massachusetts, it is highly 
()robal:)le that it was named in honor of 
(Governor Shirley of that State. It suits 
the writer better to have it so, at any 
rate, and that would not reflect ujjon 
the character and good sense of a 
Kansas legislature. 

For the first time since the county 
was settled a delegate was sent to the 
Republican State Convention, and J. M. 
Hagaman had the honor to he the dele- 
gate. His expenses were paid by a'oI- 
untary contributions made at the time, 
which we believe the first and only case 
of the kind that has ever occurred in 
the count}-. There was no Democratic 
party in the county then nor for several 
years thereafter. 

This year the grasshopper pests first 
visited the county. They sti'uek the 
county on the ;l6 of August, the day 
the Governor declared it or- 
ganized, and which accidental occur- 
rence was said by some of the blindly 
superstitious to be an unfavorable 
omen. The writer was on his return 
from To})eka and first rode into them 
three miles the other side of Clyde. The 
day was cloudless, yet the sun, which 
was two and a half hours above the 
western horizon, was totally obscured 
l)y the myriads of insects. The ground 
was si)eedily covered and trees bent 
under the enormous weight of the pests. 
In one case that came under the writer's 
observation a cottonwood tree six inch- 
es in diameter was snapped assunder. 
The moving pests almost blinded man 
and beast and spread consternation far 
and wide. Pen pictures cannot con- 
vey to the understanding of the enor- 



mous amount of grasshoppers that vis- 
itetl this county in 1866 A person 
who has witnessed one of those heavy 
snow storms that used to fall in the 
Adirondacks forty years ago, at which 
afoot of snow fell in a few hours, and 
then reflect that the grasshojjpers were 
as thick a.s the snow flakes, he can 
form a tolerably- good idea of the situ- 
ation. We had "not the remotest idea 
that there was a millionth part as 
many grasshojjpers in the whole world; 
— whei-e on earth did they all come 
from '; They extended from Missouri 
o\er two hundred miles west. 

The season was too far advanced and 
corn to hard to be injured to any great 
extent by them. The blade.s"^ which 
were yet green, vanished, however, in 
the briefest space of time imaginable, 
as did every other green thing that 
suited their tastes, and they were not 
over fastidious in selecting. Red pep- 
ers and onions they relished and could 
make away with tobacco at a rapid 
rate. 

Myriads of egg cones were deposited, 
each containing about thirty-five eggs. 
As the last half of the winter was mdd 
millions of thi'm hatched and died be- 
fore maturing or reaching a conditon to 
do harm. In the spring there was much 
rain and the young were wased into the 
streams and swept away. Very little 
harm was realized from the new crop. 
Of course the old ones died, as they are 
annuals I 

In May, this year, six men were mas- 
sacred on Little Cheyenne, a tributary 
of Bufl'alo creek about six miles from 
Concordia. The ])arty was composed 
of Lewis Cassel, Walter Haynes, 
William Collens, and Henry Collens, — 

Roberts Tallman. 

They were surprised on Brown's Creek, 
in Mitchell County, and after a running 
fight of fifteen or twenty miles 
the whole party was slaughtered on 
the head of the creek named. At first a 
fruitless search was made for them, but 
they were finally discovered by a sec- 
ond party and buried Avhere they were 
killed. Subsequently their bones were 
removed to Clifton and re-intered. 

This massacre did not cause a stam- 
pede of settlers, as had been the case 
in previous years. The murderous 
Indians were Cheyennes. 

In Julj" an outrage was committed 
u])on the person of Mrs. John A. Mor- 
ley on White Rock Creek. The Indians 
were Cheyennes. 

Other outrages were committed, but 
they did not have the ett'ect produced 
the preceding year.s. Immigrants con- 
tinued to arrive daily and as the colon- 
ists grew stronger they became more 
confident. 

1867. The snow fall was light this 
winter, at no time more than a few 



12 



niSJ'OKY OF CLOUD COirNTY 



inches btdiifi on tin- <;i'(mn(l al one U\nv. 
February was \varni and myriads of 
(grasshoppers hatclicd and were desli-oy- 
ed by alternate freezini; and lliawinjr. 
March was warmer than Fcliruary, 
and this with fre(|uent rain>, rid tiie 
country pretty well of the i)la<i:ue. 

In Anril a massacre of settlers !)y 
the western Indians occurred. About the 
Mrst ot ine month a i)arry of ('heyenn<'s 
came into tlic settlement, atioul lw('l\e 
miles from the moutli of Wiiile Rock, 
and murdered three i)ersoi;s, Mrs. Siit- 
/er, and her ten year old son and Nicho- 
las Ward. A younii: man liyinjjc with 
Ward, was shot in the neck while at- 
tempting; to make his escajn', was 
stunned but not fatally injured, and e - 
caped and t-arried the news to the 
settlements. The ])erson of 'Sh>. Sut- 
ler was outray;ed after she was killed. 
There were nine Indians in the })arty 
and under the <>'uize of bein<r friendly 
Otoes were admitted into Ward's ht)use. 
The dinner tlishes were yet on the tal)le 
and they asked for something- to cat 
and were provided with it. Having; tin- 
ished their meals, one took down 
Ward's riHe, which lay in hooks at- 
tached to a beam overhead and sliot 
him while he was imsuspectingly 
smokiuE^ his i)ii>e. The two l)oys at 
this fled, but tlie Indians tired at them 
and brought Ijoth down. While they 
were out after the boys Mrs. Vv'ard shut 
and barricaded the door, but the vil- 
lains soon beat it down with an ax. 
Pillaging the house of wkat they want- 
ed they made Mrs. Ward prisoner. 
Loaded the mules, Ijelonging to Ward, 
two in number, with their ])lunder, 
started on their homeward march, mak- 
ing their fair prisoner trudge on foot. 

Immediately on word being received 
by the settlers in Cloud and Clay coun- 
ties two parties, without any knowledge 
of each others intentions, one from the 
north and the other from the south 
started to the scene of the miu'der. 
They arrived the same day, but the 
former in the morning and the latter 
near the close of the day. G. I). Brooks 
led the first party and J. M. Hagaman 
the party from the south side of the 
river. As the writer accom))anied the 
last named party, and therefore knew 
what it did, will give an account of it. 

The party left I^lm Creek in the 
morning, all mounted and armed and 
rations for several days. The route 
chosen was up the south side of the 
river to Buffalo Creek and thence up that 
ci'eek to a branch called Salt — some- 
times Marsh — Creek which bore to the 
north-west. Shortly after passing be- 
yond the head of it we came upon a 
flock of deer and "took one in." Reach- 
ing the slo])e of White Rock we dis- 
coveredmule and Indian tracks. The 
trail was followed .some dibtance, but 



night approaching it was al)amloned 
and the party hurried on and reached 
the scene of the murder as before relat- 
ed. 

The opinion jirevailed with the Elk 
Creek ])arty that Mrs. Ward was either 
crazj- and raml)ling somewhere on the 
creek or that she had bi;en murdered. 
It was the Elm Creek i)arty that solved 
the ))rol)leni. led by J: }>l. Hagaman, 
and not l)y tlie Elk, or Brook's, party, 
as F. (J. Adamsluisit in his'Homestead 
(iuide," and as other writers iiave stal- 
ed. Our party .started the next day 
al)out noon and soon struck the trail. 
Twt) miles, or so, in a thicket of bushes 
the Indians had made a halt, and what 
else was done l)eside eating a meal can 
only be conjectured. Our party ])asse(l 
on, l)ut with great ditllculty kept the 
trail. The Indians had emptied thi- 
feathers out of the feather l>eds, leaving 
of course a few clinging to the ticks, 
which w<'resiiook and blown oil" as they 
traveled. This trifling thingenabled us 
to follow the trail where else it would 
have been impossible to follow it. A 
lady's drawers was found and the scab- 
l)ord of a revolver. But on crossing 
streams the ff)ot })rints of a woman's 
foot was discovered and thus the mys- 
terj' was solved. ^Irs. Ward, undoubt- 
edly, ])urposely stepped into .soft 
ground so that" her tracks might b<> 
seen by her would-be rescuers. We 
followed the trail to Limestone and 
the)-e was forc;ed t(j aliandon the pui-- 
-uit. It was useless, anyway to go 
further, as there were hut twelve men 
in our com])an3' and th(; Indians had 
several days the start. Mrs. Ward has 
never been heard from. It is to b(^ 
hoped that death kindly relieved her 
from a fate much worse. She was of 
frail build, aimable and fair looking. 

The news of this massacre so alarmed 
the most exposed settlers that some of 
them withdrew to a place of greater 
safety, but after a while things settled 
down to their wonted quiet. 

The summer was very wet, almost 
daily showers falling through the 
months of June and July. Tlie crojt 
yield was large and the ])rairies were 
covered with a very iK^avy growth of 
grass. 

The county Rejjublican Conv(;ntion, 
this year met at the same place it met 
the year before, and nominated J. M. 
Hagaman for the legislature. The Elk 
creek people ])lied tlielr customary de- 
ceptive arts and slyly brought out Jas. 
T. Donoho as their candidate. Mr. 
Donoho himself, was nol given to di- 
vulging secrets and thei'cfore did not 
let it be publicly known that he was 
a candidate until near the eve of elec- 
tion. The wcnthy ! people of Elk 
poured into the cars of the friends of Mr. 
IL the strongest professions of friend- 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTiT. 



13 



ship, .and assured thera that there was 
'•no I'eason to fear as the candi- 
dacj' of Donoho was only a joke 
and he would not get a half dozen 
votes." Of couise tne very innocent 
friends of Mr. H. believed their "tales of 
love !" Mr. H. was elected by a small 
majority. 

The reader of to-day, who is a strang- 
er to those early times, may wonder 
why the contests over those petty offices 
were so sharp and so stronglj' contested, 
but the reason is to be found' in the fact 
that they all had "county seat" in them, 
and only one who has been through one 
of those internecine strifes can realize 
the earnestness, and bitterness, and 
the rascality, that are sometimes resorted 
to. The struggle in this county 
was incessant for seven or eight years, 
beginning when there were not one 
hundred settlers in the county. The 
north had the advantage of the south 
side of the river in that it had a good 



appliable to the whole state. It was so 
decreed to be by the Supreme Court. 

The object contended for two years 
later became the settled law of the »^tate. 

Another measure was the amend- 
ment to the cost bills before Justices 
of the Peace in criminal cases. This 
made the prosecuting witness, if the 
person against whom he made com- 
plaint was not convicted, liable for 
costs. 

The benetit to the tax-payers of this 
law has been very great. I^rior to its 
passage one of the greatest 
iDurdens to the counties was the enor- 
mous cost bills in petty criminal cases 
before Justices. Shawnee county had 
$60,000 of such costs to pay the year be- 
fore this law was passed. Cloud to-day 
would have $20,000 to pay annually but 
for this law. It was one of the most cor- 
rupt systems in existence. Constables 
and justices would connive together to 
trump up cases for the fees that were 



public road, built by the government, in them, just as U. S. deputy marshals 



while the south side had no road at all 
This was an important point in favor of 
Elk, as the river was hard to ford. Old 
Mr. Heller once tried to ford it on 
horse-back and the horse got stuck in 
the nuick-sand and Mr. Heller came 
near loosing his life. He never tried it 
again. This story he told to hundreds of 
immigrants and very many were kept 
from coming to the south side, and 
some from settling in the county. The 
race was a race for voters and the 
"north" and the "south" kept about even 
for 9 years, and until the final election 
that decided the demoralizing contest. 

As we have given Mr. J. B. Rupe the 
benefit of some of his work in the legis- 
lature we deem it but right to mention 
a part of the work of his immediate suc- 
cessor, and shall pursue this course 
with others. 

The fifth bill introduced in this legis 



and circuit court commissioners now do. 
A million dollars are stolen annually by 
those officers and the abuse is rapid- 
ly increasing. 

A third measure was the introduction 
of a resolution to amend the constitu- 
tion so as to allow all persons who are 
taxed for the support of the State Gov- 
ernment to vote without regard to col- 
or, sex or nationalitj'. 

Strange to say no one could be ^ot to 
champion this eminently just and im- 
portant measure. Cowardly members 
admitted it to be founded on principles 
of right, but at the same time voted to 
kill it. 

__ The general revision of the laws of 
Kansas was done by this legislature. 

On the 25, of July occurred the brutal 
murder of a respected and industrious 
farmer and the dangerous wounding of 



laturewashis bill to make a hedge another by two German Jew peddlers, 
fence a lawful fence as soon as planted. These men had a team of mules and 
This met with bitter opposition from the wagon, and were peddling dry goods 
farmers and cattle men in the House, and notions. They came from Leaven- 
and it would not have received a score worth, but whence to that place we do 
of votes had a trial come. It was not know. At Elk creek, and other pla- 
objected that it would almost prove the ces, they inquired for two other ped- 
destruction offences, and in that they dlers, who preceded them with a covered 
were probably correct, unless "hedge" wagon, and learned that they would 
is a "fence." ' The bill was allowed to soon return. Leaving Elk creek in the 
retain its place on the calendar, and a afternoon about sundown they crossed 
substitute wa.? passed that was ruined Upton creek, and drove to a place of se- 
by a southern Kansas cattle man. The curity north of the road, and out of 
bill left the matter of adopting the law sight of anyone passing along the road, 
with the Board of County Commission- Here they remained for two or three days 



ers, but that .selfish man, who looked 
solely to his own interest, would not 
leave it with boards of commissifners, 
and the people of the county, and asked 
to have his county, Coffey, excluded 



waiting and watching for their intended 
victims, and at length a covered 
wagon hove in sight. Hastening to the 
point already selected, they waited their 
opportunity. The road, at the crossing 



and it was done.' This niade the bill of Upton at that time, went into the 
special, instead of general and therefore creek at right angles with the stream 
unconstitutional, as a general law was and then turned suddenly to the right 



1* HISTORY OF ( L 

and out in a diagonal direction. Tliu 
west side bank of the ci'eek had been 
worn into a deej) guleh by the Avagon 
travel and this, with the" suntiowers, 
weeds and grass on either side, hid the 
drivers frorti view from tlie phiee 
of concealment of the murderers on tlie 
opposite side until they n-aelied the bed 
of the creek, or nearly there. As soon 
as enough of their bodies were exposed 
to their sight they lired, first at Bump 
and then at Davis, the tirst being hit in 
the neck, and expired almost instantly. 
and the other in tlie right lol)e of tlie 
lung. The weapon used was a double- 
barreled shot gun loaded with bird shot, 
and the distance tired was about tliirty 
feet. Bunij) was driving and as he fell 
dead Davis took the 4ines and drovi; 
down to Elk, where the foul act was 
made known, and sjjread rapidly over 
the country. 

The next day a party of men pursued 
and captured the murderers at^NIcBvide's 
on Mill creek, in Washington county, 
and took them back to Elk, where they 
were examined before a justice of the 
peace on a charge of murder and held 
for trial at the next term of thi- District 
(•ourt of Clay connty. The following- 
night they were taken from tlie custody 
of the sheriff an d lynched. Tlius ended 
the career of two black liearted scoun- 
drels . 

A more deliberately planned mur- 
der, and one more systematically car- 
ried out. never took place 

But they missed their mark. I'lie 
intended victims escaped and two buf- 
falo hunters received tluvdeadly mes- 
sengers meant for them. Strah^^ely 
(■nough the men they intended to Kill, 
the two peddlers, were met by them on 
their i-eturn trij», in less than an hour 
after they had killed Bumj) and wound- 
ed Davis. What terrible emotions must 
have thrilled them as they beheld the 
very men, in the full vigor of life, they su))- 
posed they had murdered! The names 
of the murderers were Richard Kenuup 
and Edward Zacharias. A coroner's 
jury sat upon the bodies and its verdict 
was: "Come to their death by hanging 
by the hands of ])arties unknown to the 
jury." The verdict was supported by 
the' evidence. Some of the jury and 
most of the witnesses were those who 
took part in the hanging. The evidence 
r)f guilt of the men was conclusive, 
but in addition to the evidence before 
the Justice their interpreter, Fred Cha- 
panskie, overheard a conversation be- 
tween them in which one accused the 
other of plannino; and getting him into 
the difliculty. Their bodies were bnried 
between sections 30 and 29, range 1 west 
and about east of the north elbow of J^lm 
creek . 

The grasshoper pests visited the eimn- 
try israw ^his year, coming the ?ith day 



OUD COUNTY. 

of August. They were not .so numerous 
as they were theyear before, but as they 
came earlier they did more damage. 
Ao^ain the earth was tilled with eggs. 
^ The winter of lS(i7-8 was warm and drv. 
Not more than four inches of snow was 
on 'he ground at one time. Some days 
the weather would be o])))ressively warm. 

1S(J8. Perhaps the spirits oi tlie farm- 
er was never higher; never was he more 
sanguine of good croi)s in prospect than 
were the farmers of Cloud ccninty in the ' 
spring of 18G8, and never were they worse 
disappointed. A very tine rain fell the 
(1th of March, and after one of the most 
dismally black days. Quiet in the at- 
mospheric world .succeeded the wind and 
rain storm. Grass sprang uj) and the 
ivhole country was, as if by magic, sud- 
denly robetl in green. The forests biul- 
ded and leafed a month earlier than us- 
ual. Corn ])lantiiig was well along in 
April. The mercury rose to one hun- 
dred as tuirlv as the middle of this montli. 
Indeeed July and Au<?ust weather ur- 
surped the liiontlis of March and April. 
Light sliower,<, followed by clear sky 
and a l)urning sun, came weekly and 
bi-weekly. Hot winds set in the loth of 
June, and so tierce were they that it wa.-. 
ditlicult to breathe and face them. On 
))Iowed ground this was much worse. 
The last rain, for five weary weeks, fell 
June 2Sth. The eleventh of July corn 
was all tasseled and a better prospect for 
a lirst-class crop at this time of the year 
never occurred, and yet nof imc ^firJd of 
'(■)! or 1\fty acn:^ i/ickh'd one bushel 
(if re, nil Hei-e and there on the lowest 
bottom lands was a little corn, but non«' 
whatever on the second bottom and 
higher land. To add to the misfortunes , 
of drouth, on the Tth of August along 
came the grasshopii<>r scourge an<l 
swept away what theilrouthhad S])ared. 

Although corn was a failure, ])otatoes 
and other vegetal)les nearly so, on some 
favored ])laces spring wheat wa.s a fair 
croj). This was on ground broken the pre 
vious year and not i)lanted. The sward 
had served as a mulch anil prevented the 
evaporation ol the water, which fell co- 
])iously in 1807, and being retained in 
the soil it nourished the plant of 1808. 

Some assistance was received this year 
and the next until a crop was raised, by 
the settlers, from the more fortunate 
farmers in the eastern ])ortion of the 
state. 

On the 11th of Jiih, Josejih Nicholas 
Hagaman. father of N. D., W. H. and 
J. XT Hagaman, was Innitally murdered 
by William Harmon. Harmon was ar- 
rested and examined before Justice of 
the Peace Sears and committed to the 
Riley county jail to await his trial for 
murder in the iirst degree, but owing to 
the laxity of the criminal law and the 
venality of the sheriff of that county he 
escaped from the jail and was never 
again apprehended 



History of (Lori) countv 



15 



INDIAN P'AIDS and MASSACRES. 

Of all' th« Iiidiau raids on this border 
tliose of this jcar were marked with 
more eruelty, rapine and murder than 
a 11 that preceeded them, and for them the 
ii'overument of the United states was di- 
rectly responsible. Of the intention of 
the savages to make the raid it was duly 
informed, yet it heeded not the appeals 
of the threatened frontiersmen. It had 
plenty of monej' and idle soldiers, could 
Just as well as not have intercepted the 
raiders and saved the lives and property 
of the settlers. But every raid on the 
settlements by the savages is money in 
the pockets of Indian Agents and there 
is always a cord of sympathetic feeling 
between those agents and the govei-n- 
ment. It was generally understood that 
the election of a U. S. Senator cost the 
agent of the murderous Cheyennes and 
Arapahoes $50,000 and he must steal this 
amount to gt^t even. If there ever was 
one that quit stealing when he was 
"even" we should be jHeased to have his 
name. Nine tenths of tlie border 
troubles come through the weakness 
or villainy of the Indian agents. But 
why write of thisV Everybodj' knows it. 
VV»- want the people of future ages to 
know it, too, that is why we write of it. 
l^enjainin White, with his family, set- 
tled on (jranny ci'eek in 1806.* Tlu'y 
were the most advanced settlers at that 
time in the valley of the Republican. 
He, like too many others, refused to be- 
lieve that the raiding Indians were the 
wild f)ucs of the West. In a conversa- 
tion with him at our house on one occa- 
sion we were trying to impress upon him 
the certainty that it was the Cheyennes 
and Avapanoes, with i)ossibly a small 
hand of the Brule Sioux, tliat were doing 
the mischief, and so far suceeeued as to 
get him to admit it possible. After think- 
ing of the matter awhile he remarked: 
"If I believed as vou do F would not 
leave' my family there iihother day."' 
But he would not 'i)elieve" and lost his 
life in consequence of it. 

On the loth, day of August ISifJS, • Ben- 
jamin AVhite and threi» of his boys 
were makino; hay on tlu' river bottom 
north of bufialo creek, antl about three 
miles from his house, and three mount- 
ed Indians rode up to the.m. Mr. While 
started to go to his tent and when walk- 
ing in thafdirection one of the Indians 
^hot him in the back and he fell to the 
ground. The Ijoys ran for the river 
and were pursued a short distanee l+v 
the Indians,- but not caught,' who.tben 
gathered ui> White's horses and.left. 
Xeith(^r Mr. White or his hoy* op- 
l)ose(l tlwm from tho first to* th^' 
last. ,.-.,>' ■•- - ■.,- ... ■ 

, On the.opjiositeHide ofrtlie ri^vesj:-, -and 

"'.Sanipil iiftei- .■Tartn\^''iretntit;f:()ii," ailr*<'e<»eii:t-if 
1)1(1 bachelor, who settled there in 1864 It has 
since- been natneil AVhite's ereek, after Mr. 
Benjamin White. 



only a short distance from where this 
tradegA- occurred, were N. H. Eaves, 
Wm. English and Charles J. English] 
his son, Robt. Atteberry and "Virgil A. 
Brown at work in the hay field and in 
full view of the scene. The only weap- 
on they had was a shot gun, taken 
along for the purpose of shooting wild 
turkeys and prairie chickens; not even 
sus])ecting an incursion from Indians. 

Although but three Indians made 
their appearance, it is verj- likely that 
many more were in the' hills out of 
sight, and ready to render assist- 
ance to the murderers, if they should be 
in need of it. 

Mr. White was :i hai'd workug 
and frugal man and an exemplary 
citizen. Had ventured west to secure 
homes on the public lands for his family, 
which numbered ^ix children. The 
beautiful valley of Granny creek so fas- 
cinated him that, thouglv the danger of 
destruction daily beset nim and his fam- 
ily, he could not make up his mind to 
unit the enchanted place and go to one 
of safety. But another sad part of his 
misfortune is to be told. 

At the same time the Indians were 
nnu-dering Mr. White another party was 
raiding his house, four miles away! Un- 
suspected they entered the dwelling and 
commenced their customary work of 
a])propriating such things as they want- 
ed. Alarmed, the family Hed, but one 
girl, Miss Sarah, aged about 10 years, 
was caught and carried away into cap- 
tivity. Six months aftervvards Mi.s.s 
White was rescued by Gen. Custer in 
northern Texas. The' rest of the family, 
including Mrs. White, escaped to the 
woods and were not di.seovered by the 
Indians. 

The murder of Mr. White was the only 
one that occurred in the Republican 
valley this year, and Miss White was 
the only one carried away. 

This party of maraud idg Indians was 
])ursued -.300 miles b^v Captain B. C 
Sanders with (50 men, but they failed to 
come u}) with them, or to determine? 
])ositively which direction they had gone, 
and the fruitless search was reluctantly 
given up and the party returned honn?. 

CHAPTER lY. 

thp: sokomon massacrk. 
The tirst settlei"s of Solomon Town- 
ship were John Hillhouse, Robert 
Smith and James Hendershot. Th«'y 
settled in Januarv 1866.* The same 
year,, in April, rf. H. Snaldia^ and 
M. I). Teasley ; in INIay John Higgrins, 
— —Howard and Hewett ; in July, Mc- 

,"*.Mr. N. ri. Eav.eff feel.a iiiire that Mr. II. ( . 
Snyde'r, from whoiii I,fcot.'thts report. Is incor- 
ret-.f-.'s tV/the time ot seltlcmcnt. : he thinks i I 
■iv'as'a'^Tav e;irlier. A 11. Spanlillnjr says lilc 
iirijtlur 11. II.. settled in 1S65, l)nilt his" cabiu 
;in<,l put up hay, iml nn ullier fettlen.ent wan 
made I hat venr — ll. 



16 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY. 



Minn, Mann and Wilcox ; in No- 
vember, H. C. Snyder, W. E. Mitchell 
Thos. Jones, Hiram Jones, E. J. Cal- 
houn, W. T. Williams, and J. A. Potts. 
Sometime during the summer H. H. 
Dalryraple, I. N. Dalrymple and L. W. 
Jones settled. 

In the spring of 18G7 the settlement 
was thrown info intense excitement by 
the sudden appearance of 315 Pawnee 
Indians, but they proved themselves to 
be friendly by molesting no one and 
stealing all they could! 

Later on in the season John Higgins 
was killed on Oak Creek in Mitchell Co. 
The place is now called Higgins Blufl". 

The Indians who did the deed were 
supposed to be Sioux. 

The excitement over this murder had 
scarcely subsided when the great raid 
of August occurred. 

Near the place where Glasco now is 
Miss Jeannie Paxton was teaching 
school, and report came of Indians in 
the neighborhood. She immediately 
sought safety for herself and pupils and 
started for the nearest house. Heroically 
placing herself between the tleeing 
children and their cruel pursuers, she 
reached the house in safety with all ex- 
cept Davis snvder, who lingered behind 
to get something he thought essential. 
He was shot and left for dead, but re- 
covered. During this raid Henry Hew- 
ett, Jonn Batchey, John Wear, and 
Benjamin Misell were killed, and Mrs. 
Henry Hewett, and the son of Hon. 
H. C.'Snyder, Davis, were wounded. 

Two rnonthsfrom the date of this raid 
another was made lower down the river 
and in addition to carrying away sever- 
al head of horses the Indians captured 
and cai-ried away Mrs. Morgan. She 
was recovered from them within a year 
afterwards by (ieneral Custer. 

Peace reigned till spring when anoth- 
er raid was made, but this time without 
the loss of human life. The .settlers 
had constructed a stockade and took 
the precaution to be near enough to it 
to get into it when the "red devils" were 
around. Several horses were stolen and 
succes.sfullv made oti'with. 

With this ended the Indian troubles 
in the Solomon, and thereafter the 
countrv settled rapidly and they pi'os- 
pered m their chosen pursuit of agri- 
ture. ■_, ' ' ■' • 

THE l{El*ijCUCAN VALLEY. 

About the tirst of October, 1868, a 
militia company was formed, B. C. 
Sanders was Captain and G. D. Brooks 
1st. Lieutenant, and the services per- 
formed by this comi)any, which were 
very considerable, gave protection as 
well as encouragement, to the settlers. 

In the Solomoh Valley, in October of 
this year anothei^ company was formed 
with John A. Potts, Captain, and-whicb 



performed considerable military ser- 
vice. 

But this Valley was yet to be vi.sited 
by another marauding band of Indians. 
Homer Adkins lived about six miles up 
the Republican from where Concordia 
is located. He had lived there since 
February 1868, and unmolested by the 
Indians. 

June '2, 18G9, Mrs. Adkins had occa- 
sion to send her son Ezra over the river 
to a Mr. Nelsou'.s on an errand, and re- 
quested him to drive back the cows, 
which she thought she saw among the 
hills north of 3lr. Nelson's. The boy 
did the errand and then went to the 
place where his mother saw, as she 
thought, the cows, and rode into a squad 
of thirty or forty wild Indians. He 
turned his honse instantly and rode for 
life toward home, the IntUans following 
and shooting at him but without effect. 
He madi' the mistake a boy of his tender 
age, V2 years, was likely to make, dis- 
mounted and ran into tht- brush and 
among the sand hills, hoping, doul)tless, 
that the Indians would take the horse 
and not i)ursue him. In this he was 
mistaken. Two Indians followed and 
shot him while tlie others secured the 
horse. His mangled l)ody was recovered 
that night and l)rougli"t to his grief 
stricken mother, almost in whose pres- 
ence the foul murder was committed. 

During this chase and work of death 
the family of Mr. Nelson tied and were 
saved, but their horses and their goods 
were carried off by the Indians. 

Another raid earlier than this, at 
Scandia, and the Indian troubles were 
ended and ))eace reigned all along the 
frontier. 

Scandinavians had settled that country 
Being warned of the danger of Indian 
depredations they took precautions 
against them, but, like many others 
abandoned them just as danger wa.- 
near. They had withdrawn their senti- 
nels from tiie hills and dreamed of secur- 
ity and happiness, just as a party of 
savages appeared in the ueighboihood. 
Tw(n)t>ys were herdin"; horses and the 
savage brutes rode down upon them, 
killing one, Init the other luckily es- 
caped. Five horses made up the booty, 
and the Indians made good their escape. 

Thus ended the Indian troubles, which 
had lasted nine years, keeping the set- 
tlers in the most trying unrest, and sub- 
jecting them to heavy losses in time 
and means. 

,At the Republican convention, this 
year, I. N. Dalrymple, of Solomon 
"township, received the nomination and 
election to the House. Mr. D. made a 
very active member, but we do not re- 
member of any special measure he whs 
the author of. 

1861). The winter of 1868-fl was alter- 
natelv cold and warm with but little 



HISTOBY OP OhOUD iJOlM'i^. 



snow. ITie spring opened favorafcly 
and a good crop year was predicted 
which was iultilled. imraigranls poured 
into the country, and it now seemed 
certain that the county was on a safe 
and sure road to prosperity. The peo- 
ple flattered themselves that the Indian 
troubles had ended, and that henceforth 
they could ilwell in the land they loved 
so w ell in jjeace. 

But again their hopes were to be 
blasted and their dreams of peace and 
happiuess were again to take their cus- 
tomary tiight to the realms of tloubtand 
unceitaiuiiy. As before related, a son 
of Hanah aiid Homer Adkins was mur- 
dered by tlie Indians in sight of his 
fathers house. A number of horses 
were stolen, and several other less im- 
portant tlepredations were committed 
by the i'lains Indians. There was a 
sudden cl.eck of Immigration to the 
front, but in a few weeks it was again 
renewed and a continuous stream 
flowed on for several years. 

SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTY SEAT DIS- 
PUTE. 

It had been very plain to the observ- 
ers of county matters for some time 
that a crises was approaching on the 
county seat question. A good road had 
been surveyed and opened on the south 
side of tlie river from Jun<!tion City and 
Fort Rilej' and over it dailj" was seen 
the snowy covered wagon of the immi- 
o-rant journeying on to the westward. 
This route brought him over the best 
portions of the Re])ubliean valley and 
his eyes fell with longing desires upon 
the beautiful bottoms of the river and 
creeks, and the gently rolling uplands, 
and, fascinated with the erchanting vis- 
ion of a home and a competance in this 
land of beauty and smisiiine, he cast 
anchor, and l)uil' his caljin or made his 
"dugout" in the hillside.* Elm, Oak and 
Wolf creeks, with their timber skirted 
windings and rich alluvial soil, were soon 
taken u]) and the homestead seekers 
spread out on the magniflcent table 

* Dro-i UT - I (li> not know till- oriiiiii of thi.s 
name I ticvc: saw one and never hear ol' one 
nniil 1 caiiie to Kan.-as l-or tli • benelh of my 
reailersa lli uisaii'l years lience! 1 will il'.scribe 
the true • • Kan.sas ilnif-nn t . " 11 is a cellar Oulc 
ill tile siil(! of a :iill . any .-^izede.'-ir (I. It.sliip:lit 
can snit your taste and coiueie ce, Init is u.~n- 
rjly <>ii;lu feel l<> tlie lool. I he sides and inner 
end are lorined liy the earth Heavy timliers. 
usually two K" i'roni end t^ end in the mi'iille, 
and then reaeliih.; to the sides p les are laid, 
and on the imles traw or hay , S(),i.eti:i es lir,.sh 
tirsc lid iheii siiau'. and on this a suili- 
cient (|u<intiiy of dirt is pi't to kee|) the rain 
from iiereiil I ing- thrmijili. A i)laee f r a door, 
soiiietiiiies a door, Initolten a ijlankut i liiin;? 
up lo l<eep the culd out, llien a s,x-li;;ht \v in- 
dow and you have it in true Kansas style. Oiii- 
room answers for b-d rono, diniu;,' roiun aid 
kilL-hPii However, they can he maile nunh 
better than this and ma ly have been. 1 have 
be^'ii iiieu worth several thou -.•ind dollars liviii;; 
in "ilntrouts. " 



lands lying between the numerous 
streams. 

If the. Republican valley offered su- 
perior advantages as to quantity the 
Solomon valley was not inferior as to 
quality, and the hitherto dim trail from 
Abilene up the Solomon became, this 
year, a hard beaten thoroughfare. The 
lands along the river antt creeks, rich 
beyond all caulculation in the elements 
that produce the golden sheaf and 
shock were speedily taken, and yet the 
demand was for 'more homesteads." 

But while the "south" was actively set- 
tling up her territory the "north" was 
not the less active. ^The land on that 
side of the river was scarcely inferior to 
the land on the south; but tlieie was not 
so much of it. About one seventh of 
the county lies north of the river. 

In the spring of i86i) that little fraction 
had more voUrs than there was in 
the rest of the county ! At the first coun- 
ty seat election the south had just five 
tlie most, but they were not all united 
on Concordia. 

In the spring of this year the "town of 
Lake Siblej," which, prior to this had 
only an embryonic existence in the brain 
of Mr, A. A. Carnahan, began to im- 
prove. Mr. C. M. Albuson, an agent of 
the Scandinavian society, secured an 
interest there and began to expend the 
company's money in the erection of 
buildings, Swenson, of Junction City, 
was induced to take an interest, and 
Albuson was supplied witli goods and 
farm implements by him. Lake Sibley 
))rsentecl Quite a lively appearance thi.s 
year, which fact did not tend to make 
liappy the "millionaires" — in imagina- 
tion — on the south side. 

The autumn came, and with it the 
customary convention from which bud 
the future statesman. The usual strug- 
gle by the factions for the mastery, and 
victory declared in favor of the south. 
B. H, McEckron received the nomina- 
tion for the lower house, but was de- 
feated by A, J, Shelhamer, of Bulialo In 
dejjendent, who intrigued with the 
north side for its support. 

A petition had already been in 
circulation asking the County Board 
Commissioners to order an election to 
determine the relocation of the coimty 
seat and was duly signed. This had 
been moderately opposed by the leaders 
of the south side in order to throw the 
responsibility upon their opponants 
and thereby make some capital against 
them by charging them with preciptat- 
ing the election to defeat what would 
surely be the will of the people of the 
county if it was more generally settled. 
This had the desired ettect, 1 he friends 
of a more central location of the county 
seat than Clyde or Sibley were fully 
aroused and worked energeticallj' to 
defeat the "north side schemers," who 



^•^ 



18 



HISTOBY OF OLOUB COUNTY. 



sought their qwd. interest and mt that 
of the public !" 

The lavvs of the U. S, set apai't to all 
new counties a quarter section of land, 
which was to be laid oft" in town 
lots and sold to the best advantage and 
the money made out of the sale to 
be used in the erection of public build- 
ings. Sometime in August parties tiled 
on the south half of the south west quar- 
ter of section 33 and the north half of 
the north west quarter of section 4, T. (J 
R. 3 west, in the name of the county 
for this purpose. 

But ui)to the time of the convention 
the count}' seat, that was to be — had no 
name and the delegates to the conven- 
tion from the south side of the Repub- 
lican were requested to give it a name. 
Several were suggested andflaally CoN'- 
CORUIA was proposed by H. C. Snyder, 
of Solomon township, and in view of 
the harmonj' existing among the dele- 
gates, was unanimously adopted. 

The Board of Commissioners met and 
oi'dered the election to take place on 
the 21st day of December. There wen; 
thi-ee contestants, Concordia, Clyde 
and Lake Sbiley, and the result was 
Concoi-dia and Sibley each, had 
more votes than Clyde which left the 
latter out in the cold. 

The law of settling coixnty seat loca- 
tions then v/as that if no place voted 
for received a majority of the votes cast 
another election should be held two 
weeks thereaft'^r and the voting confined 
to the two places I'eceiving the highest 
number of votes at the tirst election. 

Now the tight began in earnest. Never 
did contending armies battle with more 
zeal and energy' than did these contend- 
ing factions. 

Sibley had the prestige of a real town, 
having a good store, a large hotel, and 
several dwelling houses, while Concor- 
dia had not a building, yea, not even a 
birds nest ! 

C. M. Albuson, A. A. Carnahj,n and 
L. B. Hay were the persons most inter- 
ested in Sibley, and G. W. Andrews, 
William English and the writer had the 
deepest interest in Concordia. To those 
parties tl.e stake was a big one. In the 
matter of dollars there was "thousands 
in iti" and each determined to win if it 
took 'thousands' to win. TheSibleyites 
had an element to secure votes that the 
Concordians had not — whiskey— and 
they plied it freely. Mr. Albuson took 
a gentleman into a jn-ivate room where 
there were a half dozen Scandinavians 
and several bottles, and Mr. A. person- 
ally informed him that ''they was 
all right for Lake Sibley. Every one of 
them lived in Republic County, in less 
than two iiours thereafter the writer 
was told it, — the man proved a spy in 
lieu of a friend" to Sibley. The next 
day Andrews was started out with or- 



ders to "place more town lots where they 
would do the most good ' The instruc- 
tions were carried out satisfactorally 
and the plan worked ciiarmmgly! 

During tnis contest there were two 
town compauie3 interested in Concor- 
dia, J. M. Hayam.in audG. W. Andrews 
and a silent pai'trer fotming one and 
W. McK. Barns, J. J. liurns, L.-e Burns, 
Isaac Burns, N. H. Billings and S. D. 
Houston Senior, the otiier. It is not to 
be supposed tliat they were idle pending 
the election 1 

Just prior to the first election Ha- 
gaman and Andrews surveyed and plat- 
teil forty acres into a <own site, adjoin- 
ing the so-called county site, naming it 
'CoiNCOKOiA,' and tiled it in the office of 
the Register of Deeds. 
The tickets l)eing written, 
Fi r the permanent location of the 
county seat, Concordia ; the north half 
S. VV. quarter section thirty-three Town 
5 and the north half of tiu; N. W. 
quarter of section 4, Town south of 
Range 3 west of theGtliPriujipal Merid- 
ian. 

This was the only plat of Concordia, 
or any of the territory embraced in the 
limits of the city to-day that was on 
record in the Register s office at the 
time of the election, and hence was the 
county seat of Cloud County in connec- 
tion with the tract named. Our object 
in making this statement will appear 
hereafter. 

The election came and the livliest one 
the county had ever known was wit- 
nessed. Every person of tlie male gen- 
tler, who was old enough, and 18 was 
not too young in some cases, voted ! 

Concordia was victor! Clyde had 
proved false to her pledges to Sibley 
and gave Concordia eighteen votes. 
This vote turned the scale, by more 
than making good the loss Concordia 
had sustained by impracticable men 
who obstuiately refusctlto vote for their 
own interest and thai of the county. 

The stranger to that contest wao now 
looks over tne county and has sufficient 
good judgment to discern the advan- 
tage oi this location over that of Sibley 
wiil wonder that there shoukl liave been 
any opposition to Concordia as the Seat 
of Justice, vet had it not been for the 
great liberality of tae town companies 
in the distribution of town lots Concor- 
dia would never Jiave existed. Not one 
mile of railroad woul.l tnere have been 
in tnis county soutn of tne Republican 
river, except possioly, a few miles in 
the extreme north-west jnirt of the 
county. E.g.ity jjcr cent, ot the people 
would have oeen compelled to cross the 
Repunlican river every time they visit- 
ed tile county seat, i^issatisfact ion over 
tiie location would have been great and 
frequent contests for re-locatimi result- 
ed. So that, no matter wnat. means 



HISTORY OP c;loud couj^jty. 



19 



wer-a rasQi-ted to tq cSyat tliQ looatian, the medium of commnnication p,f tlxQ 



the result has be3n a be le.icent one. 
Scarcely a wocd of dissatisfaction over 
the ehoiee has been heard from any 
sonrce since t le matter became settled, 
whieii was wiienthe (J. S. Land Uihee 
was located there. 



La lie Sibley folks with Clark. 

it was with the view of strengthening 
Clark in the county that li. H. McEck- 
ron was appointed U. S. deputy marsh- 
al, to take the census of Cloud County, 
which was made on the recommenda- 
tion of members of the Town (.Company. 
When the County Republican Conven- 
tion m(!t to select a delegate to the 
Reiiubliean State Convention that 
should nominate or defeat Clark, 
J. M. Hagaman asked for and was 
made the delegate. This was a sig- 
nal victory for Concordia, as her 
friends had not only the common enemy 



CHAPIER V. 

LOCATIOX OF THE U. S. LAND OFFCE. 

1870. Although Concordia had re- 
ceived the popular vote for the county 
seat, the Commissioners elected at the 
November election refused to recognize 
it. The citizens in the vicinity oi the 

embryo city erected a building for them to contend against, but traitors in her 
to do" Dusuiess in and tendered it to the own camp to beat and in this choice 
county free, and they refused to accept they were beaten. 

it. They held one meetihgin itaiid ue- Mr. A. A. Carnahan, the energetic 
fore the next term they discovered it and shrewd leader of the Sibley party, 
was not on the county tract and plead called a Mass Republican Convention 
that as an excuse, and some of the build- and got himself elected a delegate to 
ers were silly enougn to move it onto the same convention, 
that tract. For their pains, trouble He was thrown out by the convention 
and expense they met with the worst re- and Hagaman seated, 
butf of all from the Board of Coiumis- The combination against Clark was 
*^°i^fu^- \l^F- niet at the April term irresistible and he was floored. This mis- 
and the roll being called and all present fortune threw a shadow over the pros- 
announced, a motion was made and ,^,3 ^f the new town, but it had yet 
carried, to adjourn to Clyde and they \..^ f^,^^^^ j^, eourt" in the person of S. C. 
packed heir duds and left, and the ac- pomeroy, besides Clark had another 
commodating gentleman, who had put session of Congress to serve, 
themselves to so much trouble and ex- „ ,. ^ , .. ., tt /m • , . 

pense to overcome an obje(;tion that was , D^teated tor the House Clar c .ought 
not based on law or hog sense, were left election to the^Senate and now the race 
to bite theirlips and swear. for a "Clark Representative began in 

The evidence was too convincing not tlie county. Sibley put forward Joseph 
to be seen bv the dullest person that Berry an early settler, but who lacked 
Clyde and Sibley were again at work to stability enough to acquire a homestead, 
thwart the will of the people in their even though he had the choice of the 
choice of location of the seat of justice, ?o"ntv He was dehcient in education 
and that stern measures must be re- '^ ^'H'^y and hrmness ; without social 
sorted to to prevent its accomplish- 
ment. 

Abotit this time it began to be rumor- 
ed that the Jun(!tion City Land District 
was to Ije divided and two new otHces 
established, one at some point west on 
the Smoky Hill, and the other up the 
Republican. 

The hope of securing the Republican 
Land Office revived the dying hoi:)es of 
the friends of Lake Sibley and they at 
once began earnest work! 

Sidney Clark, Representative from 
Kansas i*: Congress, whose time expired 
^Lirch 4, 1871, sought re-election, and, 
as a matter of course, he aimed to turn 
to the best advantage he could for him- 
self, the location of these Land Offices, 

as well all federal appointments to he ^r, a majority of whom were chose'n by 
mad(^ in Kansas. the votes friendly to Clyde and Sibley. 

Mr. S. D. Houston, Sen., Receiver of and in whose interest they were acting, 
Rublle moneys at the Junction City at their hrst meeting, 'held Jan. 22, 
Land Otliee, was the "middle man ' 1870, J. J. Burns, C W. Andrews and 
through whom ]\Ir. Sidney Clark, and J. J^l. Hagaman tendered an obligation, 
Senator S. C. Pomeroy, were reached by duly signed and secured, to erect a suit- 
the Concordia Town Association, and able building at the county seat for the 
(t. W. Martin, of the same city, was oountv. if the Board would agree to 



standing ; — a very fair story teller — that 
was all. There was positively nothing 
to i-ecommend JoBeriyfor the po.sition, 
yet he received the full vote of the north 
side of the river! Any other man would 
have done the same, as a show of suc- 
cess was all that was sought for by the 
enemies of Concordia. Had Mr. Berry 
been elected his vote for Sidney Claik 
would have been given on the condition 
that Mr. C. would secure to Sibley the 
Land Office, and on no other whatever. 
Pressed as Mr. Clark was by a pack of 
human vultures, ready to pounce onto 
him, it is unsafe to say what he would 
or what he would not have done under 
such trying circumstances. 

When the new Board came into pow- 



90 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY, 



ji aye the offices removed theye when as Cawker City. They weve very much 
it was ready for occiipane.y. iiujn-essed with the country, its conlig- 

But with that same selfiish spirit that enation, its nnmerous streams and the 



characterized the c/)nduet of the defeat 
ed towns from the ince])tion of the con- 
test years })ri()r to this Mr. Dutlon and 
Mr. Pa<i:e in(li<2;nat.tly rejected tlie <4vn- 
ei'ous i)ro])osition, the former remark 



nanarkahle fertility of the soil. It was 
tlie fi'ocd opinion of the county tliese 
gentlemen had which they took occasion 
loiiave largely circulated, especially the 
llie hitter, that inlluenced mucli ot the 



Tne Uniit'd States census, taken this 
year for the first time, showed 2.828 
population for the countj'. It was taken 
in June, but before the close of Decem- 
ber another tiious.md had been added. 

1871. The winter of 1870-71 was 
very favoraljle for out door work, and 
as such it was very fortunate for the 
new town, as mucli business was 
d through, 
piauy as fortunate for the 
homestendurs, hundreds of wliom took 



ing that he ;'0))posed it because tliat large iinraigration of the next spring 
Avonld settle the location of the county 
seat at Concordia, which lie did not 
think the ])eop1e wanted ;" 

The clieekyness of this claim, will bet- 
ter aj>i)car. wlieu the vote b.y which 
Concordia wa^•. made the county seat is 
con.sidered : V\'e see:.l:)y the" record 
above tliat in t! e iirst election Concor- 
dia lacked only -i votes of having a ma- 
jority over both Clyde and vSibley and planned and carrie 
at the final elecVioii she liad bO majority It was equallv a: 
out of a total vote of isi!)}. 

The simple truth is that Mr. Dutton, claims and made their dug outs or 
Mr. Page and their confederates, were erected cabbins. In the si)ring the 
striving their best to drfcnt the will of busy hum of mdustry was heard on 
the people. And they conti-uied to eveiy haul and the transformation of 
work at tliat until legal i);-oceedings' the wild prairie into farms went vigor- 
were about to lie Ix'gunto compel thera ouslyon. 

to do their duty, and tlien the\- sneaked Tl'iis year the strong desire for a rail- 
to the county seat like wiiipped spaniels, road took shape in the submission of 
Mr. McEckron was elected by 81 ma- two ))ropositions to vote bonds, one to 
jority, he receiving ::;88 to 157 for IMr. the Kansas Central and one to the Cen- 
Berry. tral Branch rtiilroad Companies. The 

So this .scheme, concocked to defeat latter carried and the other was defeat- 
the will of the i)cH)])le in selecting the ed. Neitiier was built, 
county seat, was thwarted and tiie In 187-3 tlie Junction City and Fort 
'seheraers' brought to grief. Kearney Co., asked the County Corn- 

There were four tiuildings on tlie town niission'ers to submit a proposition, but 
site, now containing over a .section of they retused, because the Company did 
land, Octolier (irst, 1870. Oae was 'V' Pf'-^itively agree to come through 
owned liv J. M. Hagaman, one by (i. W. Clyde. 

.Vndrows, one bv A. A. Carnaiian, the l^'n"*'. tli''^ .vcar, .swept away a 
other was the county building, erected J:»''^'*' I'ortion of Concordia. The lire 
by the town company witii the help of started m the building- on the south east 

some of the citizens. ' " 

About this time work was 



l)egun on 

the Land OiHce building, and others 
immediately began tosi)riiig u]). From 
this date the success of the town was as- 
sured. 

The excessive drouth, thisyear, ruiiu'd 
the early corn crop, and seriously short- 
ened the wheat crop. During .June and 
July there was not rain enougii to wet 
the ground half an inch. Wlieat aver- 
aged about eight bushels to the acre. 



corner of tJth and VVashiu'jton streets 
and liurnt over nine lots. It oc- 
curred the night before Chrstmas. 

18i8. We pass this year without de- 
taining the reader with' the narration of 
unimportiuit events. Crops were short, 
the rainfall being stinted. The winter 
was mild and dry, very little snow fall- 
ing. 

l87f. The most notable events of this 
were drouth and grasshopiiers, both 
of which we had a surfeit. Protracted 
droutlis threatened the destruction of 



While early corn yielded notlnng. I ins corn and some other crops, and serious 

year was extremely tavo.ade to lazy ly cut short the wheat croi). Fortu 

farmers, who through shut essne.s.s de- liately grasshoppers, in their old famil 

layed corn planting till June. I his iur sl'vle and quantities, ind in an ap 



came up and sti-uggled along till the 
August rains and much of it turneil out 
a fair crop. "Sod corn" also did widl. 
This being planted in Juno received the 
benetit of the late rains and in some 
cases yielded twenty bushels to the acre. 
Frost held oil" till late in October. 

United States Senators E. G. Ross and 
S. C. Pomeroy visited tliis county tliis 



quantities, ])ut in an aj)- 
])earauce. 

They were intensely numerous and 
hungry, and destroyed what was green, 
iria very short time. A controversy, 
has been going on ever since as to 
wliether the drouth or the grasshoppers 
destroyeil the crop, but we see no rea- 
son for controversy, for if the grass- 
hoppers liad not come there would not 



summer, the latter going as far west have been a crop, and on the other hand 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY. 



31 



if the crop had beeu evei'.so good, the 
grassho})pers woiihl have taken it. 

1875. Tills year the rains were time- 
ly and aljiiRihmt, and a <^<)od crop was 
raised. 

1876. Up to this date not a foot of 
railroad had been built in the county, 
and the people became very anxious to 
have a road. At lengtir the "slow 
<.-oaeh" of the Central Branch eonelud- 
ed to move, and its.auent was sent here 
to ask the county for l^onds. They were 
voted ai;d on the 8t!i day of January 
1877, the first locomotive whistle sound- 
ed in Concordia. Tlit^ I'ext ye;ir tlie 
road was built on to Beloit and Kirwin, 
and a branch to Scandia and Talma<;'e, 
in Republic county. 

The Junction City and l-'ort Ke;irney 
Co. asked for l^ond-; to build io Cf)ncor- 
dia at the same time the Central Branch 
did, and was refused. 

The tirst month of the operr.tion of 
the Central Brar.ch it took fi-om Con- 
cordia 1,10;) car loads of freiolit. Tlie 
statement of tlie President. R. AI. Fom- 
eroy, is our authority for this. Tins re- 
markable trahcsliows at once the great 
demand for a railroad i.i this county. 
We are satisfied tlial tlie e.vtra price 
realized by the faruKM-s on tliis and the 
next year's croj) i-nore than rendered 
an equivalent to them rnd the busi- 
ness men for tlie bonds given the road, 
!?7(),0(IU. 

The winter of 187C-7 was very mild 
and open. In January frequci.t light 
rains fell and kejit the ror.ds in a muddy 
condition. This year proved a vei-y fair 
crop year, an average yield of tlie cer- 
eals were ])roduced. 

1878. This year passed without any 
noteworthy evv'ntsand 1810 was ushered 
in with promising weather. 

Growing weary of the Central Brarch 
monopoly, the people of the county seat 
moved to prociu'e anotlier road and suc- 
ceeded in getting an cxtention from 
Clyde of the Junction City and Fort 
Kearney. Their hopes of competition, 
however, were to be disapjjointed for 
ere the tirst train arrived tlie Central 
Branch had pas.sed into the Gould sys- 
tem" and both went under his manage- 
ment. 

1880-81-8:2-80 8f, do not furnish to]iics 
of interest of a nature to warrant us in 
writing at length. Farming and busi- 
ness have constantly increased and. 
tio'irished in a most satisfiictory man- 
ner. This year, in the month of Septem- 
ber, the fourth railroad was built into 
the county and the third oik^ to the 
county seat. 

1 he following map sliov.- the streams 
that water the county and the location 
of the principal towns. 

Many important events have been 
omitted from the general history to be 



inserted in the separate history of 
tae most important trade centers. 



CLVI-.K. 

Our .separate history begins with Elk 
Towi:.s!iip. The town and townsliip 
wevQ named after Elk Creek, which ris- 
es in Washington and Repid.lic counties. 
Hows southeily and empties irto the 
Republican river one mile east of Clyde. 
Tiie soil of this township is imsurj)ass- 
ed for richness. The surface alonV 
the river and creeks is generally level 
and away from them it is moderately 
rolling. 

Elk townslii)) wasseltledin 18S'). Mr. 
Parks and wife and several children, 
beir.g the tirst settlers. Their claim 
v.-as tlie ■ Old Heller place," as it used 
to be known, and comprised the terri- 
tory, in part, where the Kansas Pacific 
depo stands. Mr. Park s claim shanty 
stood near the foot of the hill north of 
the Pomeroy Hou~e, and was buUt of 
])uncheon set upright, and covered \.-ith 
dirt. In SetJtember or October Moses 
Heller and his two sons, David and Is- 
rael came. The last named v»'ere the first 
permanent settlers of Elk township. 
When the writer came to Elk, (July 8, 
1860) Parks a'd his family had been suli- 
sisting on jirked bulfVilo meet for six 
weeks, and was very anxious to sell and 
get away. At this same? date the re lived 
m a house on the rise of ground west of 
p]lk creek, —a log house erected by the 
Eaton Town Company,— Mr. Kearney, 
and his reputed wife ar.d child. They 
were not married. This woman pre- 
sented the most abject and poverty 
stricken appearance. She had but 
one garment on and that was so rent in 
many places that she had to hold the 
rents together to hide her naked body. 
The condition of these two families 
was enough to discoura<^e many jieople 
from seeking a home in the country, 
but this party soon discovered that the 
country was 'not responsible f(n- their 
contiit'.ou. 

The last named claimed no settlement 
and left next month. 

Charles and Peter Conkling and Jac- 
ob Heller, son of Moses Heller, were the 
next settlers. They o».cupiidthe house, 
just described, vvitii the wife of Jacob 
Heller, who was a sister of the Conk- 
Lng's. They also had another sl>ter. 
Jacob Keller accidently shot himself 
shortly after he came tliere by pulling 
his ritie, mu/.zle foremost, toward him 
from a wagon. Th.e hammer caught 
on a bolt of'shingle timbc!-, with which 
the wagon v.'as loaded, and slipped be- 
fore It got to the half cock catch in the 
tumbler of the lock. 

INlr. Heller was burled at Elk and was 
the tirst i)erson buried there. 
I^manuel Clint! and wife came in 1881-, 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY 



but made uo settlement. They lived 
awhile with Moses Heller. 

The early part of the summer of 1862, 
tlie postal route to Irving was extend- 
ed to Clifton, and James Fox appointed 
postmaster, and in tlie autumn of that 
year it was extended to Elk and Moses 
Heller appointed postmaster. He held 
the office over fifteen years. 

Mr. Heller's house was the general stop 
ping plaee for travelers. He welcomed 
all wlio came and rarely took pay for 
entertaining them. He was a genial 
man social and generous to a fault. 
Moses Heller never went on a hunt for 
luaians, and his advice was rarely 
sought for. He staid right at home and 
minded his own business, and so did 
his son Israel. The latter never went 
on an Indian scout either and refused to 
let their horses go even under the most 
pressing demands for them. 

This much is due to truth. We dont 
intend to allow the men who did the 
hard and dangerous work of i)rotecting 
this border to be robbed of the credit 
due them for their great sacrihce, and 
given to those who did nothing. Elk 
township did less towards protecting 
the border than did any other settleil 
poi-tion of the county. If it furnished a 
single man to go on a scout the lirst 
four years of its settlement, we fail to 
recall his name. 

In the spring of 1800 Cowls ct Davis 
started a store in one part of Heller's log 
ho.ise, one load ot goods comprised tlie 
s;ock, and the sales were rapid and the 
collections slow. A considerable ))or- 
tion of them are yet uncollected: 

Mr. Charles Davis continued in busi- 
n-^ss after the partnersliip of Cowls kt 
D.ivis was dissolved and became one of 
the most prominent men of the town. 

In the autumn of this year Andn>w W. 
Smith, a worthy resident of Elk, conceiv- 
ing the idea of raising some money by 
trapping on the .Solomon, set out with 
his son Uriah and James Neely with 
this object in view. They fell in with a 
part3' of Otoe Indinns and tlie mistake 
of MV. Smith was that he did not remain 
wih them. Neely and Uriah returned 
home with a loud of butlalo meat and 
Mr. Smith remained. He was never 
again seen alive — nor duad — by his 
friends. 

The story of the Indians was, made to 
the writer by the Chief, Big Soldier, 
that Smith remained a day or so with 
them and then went liigher up tiie river, 
and that was the last they saw of him. 

We believe them. Hovering arounil 
in front of the Otoes, doubtless, were 
scouts or pickets from the wild tribes of 
the Plains, and into these Mr. Smith 
unknowingy went and was killed. 

In the autumn of 1800 the Clyde Town 
Co., was "organized and Elk changed 
to Clyde. The growtii of the town was 



slow until 180i), when immigration be- 
gan to flow into the county, since which 
time it has had a healthy growth. It 
has two railroads, an excellent school 
edifice, several churches some elegant 
dwellings, a large number of business 
houses, grist mill, two newspapers, the 
Herald, owned by John LJ. Kupe, and 
the Mail, owned by J. C. Cline. It has 
the honor, also of having the hrst news- 
paper published in the countj-, the lit- 
publican Valky Empire, started by 
Henry Buckingham, — smce removed to 
Concordia. The population numbers 
about 1,500. She is one of the most en- 
terprising towns of the west. Location, 
four miles south, and one and a halt 
west from the north and east lines of 
the county and a half mile north of the 
Republican river. 

It furnished two soldiers for the Union 
army, David Heller and Emanuel Clini'. 

We are unal)le to tind any record evi- 
dence showing when Clyde was organ- 
ized a city of tlie tliird class. But think 
it was in August 1874, as the Judg- 
ment of the Supremi' court affirm- 
ing the Judgment of the District court 
annulling the hrst organization was 
tiled in the Clerk of the Court's office at 
this time. 



The lirst })erm:inent settlement estab 
lished in the county was on E)Im Creek 
in .July 1800. We have already referred 
to the persons who made it. 

In the month of August, this year, 
these three families were the only per- 
sons residing in the count3'. Tho.se who 
had previously made settlement left 
during the Indian excitement in July 
and none ever resumiul their settlement. 
In 1801 William Cha})anskie, and family, 
Fred Chapanskie and family, Mr. Web- 
er, Ceorge Wilson. In 1SM5.' Zacliriah 
Swearingeu and family, Richard Cough- 
len and family, David Roiiertson and 
family and Joseph Berry and family. 
From tills settlement there enlisted in 
the Union army, Jose])h Berry, Fred 
Cliapanskie, (George W ilson, .lacol) and 
Caleb Thorp (sons of John ]\I. Thorp) 
and David Rol^ertson. 

Elm, Beaver and Dry creeks run 
through the township while the Repul) 
Mean Hows along the north and a })or- 
tion of the east side. This was the third 
best timbered townsliip in the county. 

The town of Ames, in this township, 
is located on the right bank of the Re- 
Republican and at tiu' contlueneeof Elir. 
with tliat river, and on tiie Central 
Branch. It has a de])o, hotel, the larg- 
est grain elevator in the county, several 
stores, post office, livery stables, etc. 
The inhabitants number about 150. This 
town ha.s a very pleasant location. 

Many interesting incidents to frontier 



J-.cfC. 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY. 



life occurred ill llic ciirly days am()a<? 
the settlers ot' this towiisliip, some of 
which it nui.v l)e well eni>iii;"li to narrate. 

Shortly atter our SL-ttleiiieiit in July, 
the ehiklren came screaniii)t>' into the 
house, iwhieh stood on thi' bank of Elm 
creek where the wa^ion ro;jd now woss- 
es it,) t^'rror stricken and shouting "the 
devil, the devil just come riglit up out 
of tiie creek." Indians, was the tirst 
thought of the writer, and he grasped 
his riHe and carefully explored the 
place where his satanic majesty was rep- 
resented to be by tlie lialf frightened to 
death children, and tliere he beheld, in 
all his majesty, a noi)le specimen of the 
bull burt'aio. A shot from his trusty 
riHe and he fell dead in his tracks, and 
about twenty feet from tiie house. 

Shortly after this, one night about 10 
o'clock, Fenskie, who lived a quarter of 
a mile east, shouted, "Indians, Indians, 
Indians, come quick." V\'e went 
"((uick" not stopjjiiig to dress, but when 
we reached Fenskies, the 'Indians' 
were gone ; — they were wolves, after his 
soap greese! 

One day in October '61 the writer saw 
a buttalo feeding near where Ames now 
is, and lie at once determined to have 
him. Tiie tirst shot from his riHe 
wounded him and he would have made 
his escape but for his dog who came at 
the crack of the ritle and engaged him 
in-battle. Few dogs would tackle a 
butlalo, but tills one would throat even 
an Indian if told to. Another inetfective 
shot antl the IniU became terrii)le. With 
his head near the ground ;.nd tail erect, 
he would again and again dash at the 
dog and fairly make tlie grovmd tremble 
with his bellowing. No events in the 
arena of bull tights ever surpassed this 
in the awful rage of tlie tormented beast. 
The bravery of the dog eciualled the 
fury of tiie luiU and witli the mast pro- 
voking intlitierence to his own safety he 
would play about the head of the in- 
furiated beast, occasionally nijiping his 
nose, or his heels if he turned to run. At 
length the bull yielded tlie contest and 
lieat a retreat," l)ut unfortunately the 
hunter was directly in tlie line of retreat 
and as, when nuuldened to frenzy, they 
never turn aside for man, his situation 
became perilous in the extreme. Half 
of the distance between tiiem iiad Ijeen 
passed and the bull was now Avithin fif- 
teen feet of him, and his eyes, verily. 
Hashing hre. To jumj) one side and let 
him pass seemetl the only alternative, 
and instantly attemi)ting this, he sprang, 
when, iiorror, the only l)Utton that held 
his buckskin pants flew otl" and down 
around his feet ihe cumb(>rsome gar- 
ment tell and he was ancliored to tlie 
spot! At this juncture lie yelled to his 
faithful dog "take liim Jack, ' and he 
instantly seized t.;e Hying bull by the 
noze, was Hung t.'u feet ia the air and 



entirely over him, the tremendious eftort 
of the bull to relieve himself from the 
dog swayed him to one side and he 
passed the hunter within reach his of 
hand. 

The interest of the reader has possi- 
bly created a desire to know what be- 
came of this buttalo. Gathering up his 
pants he followed him, with his limpmg 
dog, towards the mouth of Elm creek, 
whither he had Hed, and making a but- 
ton out of apiece of bush, he secured his 
pants against another like mishap! The 
bull went down the river bank and fol- 
lowed down the stream to the "Big Is- 
land" where he was again aroused and 
Hed, but was brought to bay again by 
the dog, and shot about half a mile 
south of the lower end of the Island, 
just as dusk had so dimmed the sights 
of his riHe that he was obliged to take 
aim alongside of the barrel. 

This was the farthest east a buffalo 
was killed in the Republican valley 
since its settlement in 1860. 

One more and we shall have to dose. 

One of the greatest pests to the fron- 
tiersman was the begging Indians. 
These were very numerous and trouble- 
some. Dire vengeance was often thi'eat- 
ened, but never carried intoettect. One 
day in December, 1864, one came to the 
house of the writer and began his cus- 
tomary begging, much to the annoy- 
ance of his wife. The scout, G. F. Oak- 
ley, was stopping there, and having ob- 
served him for a while, he said, "Mrs. 
H. do you want this duck around here?" 
He was promptly answered in the nega- 
tive, when he ordered him to leave. 
Blu.stering up he gave Mr. O. to under- 
stand that he woiUd "go when he got 
ready," at wiiich Oakley took hold of 
him, shoved him towarc^s the door, and 
kicked him thi-ough it. Making haste 
to his pony he mounted, and when as- 
tride of him he shook his fist at Oakley, 
in a threatening manner. At this Mr. 
O. jirked out his revolver and lired at 
him, bearly missing him, and he flung 
himself on the opposite side of his poney 
and rode away as fast as he could ride. 
Reaching a neighbors house, where he 
had been given a squash, he hurriedly 
shouted, "give me squash, quick, God 
damn"he shoot Indian." 

Of course "God damn" did not mean 
the writer as he was forty miles away? 

LINCOLN. 

This township is comjiosed of i of con- 
gressional township 6, and a portion of 5 
range three west. It is bounded on the 
north by the Rpublican, nearly or auite 
fifteen miles of that river runing along 
its northern boundary. Portions of Oak 
and Wolf creeks pass through it and Lost 
creek takes its rise in it. 

We believe that the credit of being th^. 
first settler must be given to a Mr. \Volf, 



04 



HISTORt O^^Cmbh iX>mTf. 



who made his claim in 1859, laid the 
foundation for his cabin, which he com- 
pleted the nextsprino; and moved into 
It with his family. He broke and plant- 
ed and lived there until near the close 
of the vear when he found it necessary 
to ero to the settlements to get supplies 
to live on. He did not retui-n, but after- 
wards some of his family did. (We 
are in doubt as to whether his claim 
was in Lincoln or Buffalo, but feel quite 
well as.sured that it was in the former) 

To N. H. Eaves and family, however, 
is due the credit of being the lirst perma- 
nent settlers. They settled on the river 
one and a half miles north of Concordia 
November 2,- ISOo and maintained their 
settlement. About the same time Rich- 
ard Worst settled at the mouth of Lost 
creek. William English with his family 
in the spring of 18(5(3. One part of his 
place adjoins the townsite of Concordia 
on the north. Joseph Decker settled on 
Oak creek, on the farm, now owned by 
Richard CouglileUj in 18(57. Albert 
Green settled in 18(57, his place joined 
the town of Concordia on the West. 
William Collins and family, settled in 
the spring of 18GG. George Hibner and 
family settled in 18G7. Wiliam Towns- 
din and family in the spring of 1867, 

"We believe the above to be all who lo- 
cated prior to 18(58. 

This last named year a few more set- 
tlers were added, atuong tliem G. W. 
Andrews and J.M Hagaman and family. 
At the election in November seven votes 
were i)o]Ied. 

As identified witli the location of the 
county seat and tlie founding of Con- 
cordia, it may be well to give the reason 
for the writer leaving his home on Elm 
creek and taking a prairie claim in Lin- 
coln. In August 1868, he had fully de- 
termined to settle in Clyde and build a 
hotel and follow the business of keeping 
it. To this end he sought the ;own com- 
pany and asked it for a location. At 
first the members seemed quite anxious 
to have him come tliere and oft'ered him 
an acre for a nominal sum. Two or 
three days later, and when ready to 
commence putting material on the 
ground, he called on Charles Davis to 
be shown the location and, to his sur- 
prise, he took him several lots furtiier 
west and would give him but two lots 
for the money. The 'acre' could not be 
had at all. A change had evidently 
come over the minds of the Company. 
They did not want him there and he 
solemnly swore he never would settle 
there and that the county seat should 
"go west" and to Lincoln township, 
\vhere it now is. Saying to Mr. Davis, 
"I'll see you again, he bid him 'good 
day,' and the next day took up the 
claim that forms the town site north of 
the Central Branch road. 

"County seat" and to "beat Clyde"' 



was his constant thought by day and 
his dreams by night, and this should be 
done if it took every ox, cow and horse 
he had. 

G. W. Andrews happening along was 
induced to settle upon the mile strip 
along side of Hagaman's, under the as- 
surance that it had "County seat in it," 
but that intention must be ke])t a "i)ro- 
fonnd secret." Andrews was a "lucky 
catch," for he is the best worker ujxif 
any scheme we ever met. Strangely 
enough there were men, whose vote's 
were essential in this contest, who would 
not "vote the County seat here if Haga- 
man wanted it here," and others, as sil- 
ly, if Andrews was to be benefitted, or 
English, or Eaves, by it. Their votes 
were all seciu'ed, however, andthe cost 
was not great! 

Having dwelt uponthe subjec' <i this 
election in the general history, we shall 
not j'cjieat it here, but confine our re- 
marks to tli<> 
PROGEESSIVE HISTORY OF CONCORDIA. 

Elevation Abovo Tide Water at the Point 
Where the Central Branch Road Cross- 
es Broadway, 1,389 feet. Above 
Low Water in the Missou- 
ri at Atchison, 593. 

Tiie following clipped from the Set- 
tlers Adviser, published February 1872, 
by L. J. Crans «& Co., is a fair descrij)- 
tion of Concordia at the time it was 
written: 

"We can name with pride our coimty 
seat. Scarcely a year has })assed since 
its organization and we now have a town 
in which all branches r)f business have 
several representatives. Concordia is 
beautifully situated on the right bank of 
the Republican river at a ])oint which 
will allow an indefinite extension along 
tlie level bottom land. The southwest- 
ern ])ortion is luululating and high, af- 
fording magnificent building sites — giv- 
ing a fine view of the surrounding^ couu- 
trv and of the river fringed witli tim- 
ber." 

The town site proper contams 515 
acres and to this has been added about 
100 acres more. 

The business streets are 100 antl 
1'20 feet wide and the residence portion 
80 feet wide. The alle3-s are :.'0 feel 
wide. The business lots are :2:Jxl82 feel 
and the residence lots 44x132. Around 
the outskirts the lots vary in size. 

About 800 lots were given awaj' b^' 
the town Co., to get the town under 
way, and for some time lots were sold at 
mere nominal prices to those who would 
build. 

The diversity of lots from low and 
level to high and rolling, suit the pecu- 
liar and varying tastes of people. 

Tiie city is easily drained, thereby a 
healthy condition at moderate cost. 

Water is easily obtained, and of the 
best quality. About 35 feet on the low 



HmTimr O^ OtOUD, COUNTY. 



ground, and ?0 on the high ground .se- 
cures a never failing well. Contami- 
nation from privy vault.s i.s impossilile. 
unless they are sunk to an unwarranted 
depth, whieii can be guarded against 
by ordinance. 

Railroads have l)een mentioned in the 
general history. 

The country surrounding the city and 
tributary to it presents as tine a 'land- 
scape view as many of the most noted 
places of the world. It is an encliant- 
ing sight, in May, when the dreary 
brown of winter has been transformed 
to the clieery green of summer, to fol- 
low the winding of the timljer skirtetl 
Republican and the lines of timber that 
indicate tiie numerous creeks; to feast 
the e3-es upon the various slopes and 
levels, all covered with the vendure oi 
spring. 

But the real wealth is found in the 
soil. It is from this to a great extent, 
the millions must come to build uj) 
and enrich the town. 'I'o be sure manu- 
factories will do their part, bvit tiiej- 
hold a secondary ])lace m tiie ])rocess 
of building u]). 

The soil is here and all it needs is the 
hand of industry to make it produce the 
'millions.' 

Cheap fuel is of the highest advan- 
tage to a town, and this exists, and tiie 
supply is inexhaustable. Coal is being 
mined a mile south of the city. 

The Republican river has been secure- 
ly dammed and furnishes water i)ower 
enough to run an immense amount of 
machinery. There is across the river the 
finest and best built d^,m in the state of 
Xansas, and nostate can produce a bet- 
ter. 

One of the finest, if not the most ele- 
gant and best school building in the 
State has just been completed. In 
sciiool advantages tlie city will make 
it an object for i)eople to send their 
children hei'e from abroad to iiave their 
education finished. 

In conclusion let us say, Concordia 
has had a steadj', and therefore healthy 
growth, from the day she began her ex- 
istance, and has, from all apjiearance, 
as bright a future in prospect as she lias 
liad in the i)ast, and that is good enougii. 
In point of intelligence and morals lier 
iJ,oUiJ people are not behind tiie most 
favored in other lands. 

When we consitler the eminent pro- 
gress Concorilia lias made in the few 
years she has existed, and the Ijound- 
"less resources of the soil and country 
around her;of her numerous cajjabilitios 
for growth and expansion, may we not 
reasonably predict for her in tlu? near 
future a city of 80,t(l() ])eople. We so 
jiredict. 

SIBLEY— LOCATION AND HISTORY. 

The township of Sib.ev comprises 



tlie territory on the north side of the 
Republican river and west of range two 
Two tliirds of the township is river bot- 
tom, a small portion of the other third 
i.s inoderately rolling and the remainder 
hilly. Tiie i)roduetive qualities of the 
bottom hind is equal to any other in the 
county and the same is true of the ujj- 
laiid, compared wiih the same class of 
hmds in the county. 

In the north east ])art of the town are 
tlie coal mines, a very valualde industry. 

Minersville is a village of some iho 
inhabitants and located on the north 
line of the township. Has a store, post 
ofHce, school house and public hall. 
SETTLEMENT OF SIBLEY TOWNSHIP. 

Tlie lirst settlement of the townshij) 
was made in the spring of 1800 liy 
Sut MeCiuaity and John Allen. Both 
liad families. Their places were about 
one mile north of the Lake. They 
1 uilt a double log house for accommo- 
dation of tlieir families, broke eight or 
ten acres of prairie and planted it. Tiiey 
possessed cattle, horses, hogs, and chick- 
ens, and were verv well fixed for new- 
settlers. 

(^ne morning al^oul tlie middle of 
Jul}' ]S()0, tiiey were aroused by com- 
moti.)n among their fowls, and on 
looking out, to their utter astonishment, 
they saw Indians spearing their ciiick- 
ens Otiiers of the dusky tribe were 
closely oliserving them through the 
cracks of tiieir log houses. There was 
considerable commotion within that, 
heretofore, quiet domicile. There 
was '^getting u]i and dusting," as one of 
tiie family told us. Indians were everj-- 
(•vhere, "thousands of them,'' as report- 
ed at tlie time, and fear for their lives 
seized tlie whole househ(dd, and as 
s])eedily as was jiossilile tliey put what 
they could of their furniture in their 
Wiigons, jiitehed on their teams and 
headed them eastward. Arriving at 
Elk creek tliey already found the set- 
tlers gathered tliere and prejiared for 
war. Some iiunters came in and report- 
ed three nations of warriors in the vi- 
cinity of Lake Sibley, the Cheyennes, 
Araiiaiioes, and Sioux, together num- 
bering l."),()i)0. Tiie situation was not a 
jdeasant nor desirable one. The In- 
dians were insolent, acting as tlio they 
woi.kl kill at the slightest jirovocation. 
They were not given it, wiiicli is, prob- 
ably, the only rcastm no one was killed. 

Tlie excitement at Elk was inten.se. 
Wives appealed to their husliands to 
leave th(> country and go to a place of 
safety. Five families intending to settle 
on Elm creek came one day and left the 
next, taking witli tiiem John Sheets and 
family, the Elm creek settler. Allen and 
McQuarty removed their stock as soon 
as tney tliouglit it safe and left formore 
congenial climes. 

About the fifth day of the excitein-Mit 



26 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY 



700 Pottawatomie Indians went west on 
a hunt and the wild Indians sought 
safety in retreat and the exeitenient 
was at an end. 

Allen and MeQuarty never a<^ain re- 
sumed their settlement. 

Several families wintered at the Lake 
the next winter, but none became set- 
tlers at tiiat time. 

The next .settler was A. B. Cross, who 
esiablislied liis heme there in 1862, and 
maintained it, with an oeeasioriul inter- 
mission. 

Dennis Taylor and I)emi)>ey, hi.s son, 
established their residt-nee Iti 1804. Bai- 
ley, and family, .Miehael Swartz and 
and Cornelius Keed eame in 18(50, and 
B. C. Sanders in 1807. 

THE LAKE AND ITS NAMESAKE TOWN. 

Lake Sibley is nothing more nor less 
than an old bed of the Republican, made 
b^' the river describing a large circle in 
the form of a horse shoe and then cut- 
ting a ehaiiuel across the narrow end. 
The river drift closed both ends and left 
the pool that is known as the Lake. It 
is now a mile and a half long, but when 
formed must haAe been live or six miles. 
There was in the early days manj- fish 
in it, but they have l)een caught out 
faster than they bred. 

Mr. A. A. Carnahan, of Concordia, 
located a {piarter section of land a half 
mile north of the Lake in 1807, and 
dreamed of a cit^- and worlds of wealth! 
Of course he had' "county seat' in view, 
and to this end he labored with zeal and 
skill. In 180!) he had a portion of his 
land surveyed and ])latted it in a town 
site. 

We have before spoken of the success 
and ruin of this town and the causes 
that lead to it and it is unnecessary to 
rei)eat then). A shell of a building re- 
mains where ten thousand dollars was 
once invested in buildings. The school 
house is yet in tolerable condition. 

Sibley was the best timliered of ixuy 
township in the county. In 1860 heavy 
timber existed between the Lake and 
the river with an occasional stretch 
of prairie, and extended westward and 
eastward along the river. On the west 
along the river, was heavy belts of *\m- 
ber. 



I.AWHENCKBIKG. 

The north part of this township lies 
between Elk on the east and Sibley on 
the west, and the south part between 
Shirley on the I'ast and Lincoln on the 
west. The Repulilican runs through 
the middle of it. Frank Lawrence and 
his mother were the lirst settlers. The 
date of their settlement we are imable 
to fix, but tliink it was in 1863 or 1804. 
Nathaniel Fox, I). B. Dimes, were the 
next settlers. All these settled on the 
north si(i(> of the river. 



Salt creek rises in Republic county, 
runs south througii tne nortli part of the 
township. 

The town of Lawrencebiu'g is located 
on ^alt creek. The Kansas Pacific road 
passes through it and a branch of the 
same road runs to Bt-Ueville, the countv 
seat of Republic county. The B. & Af. 
road cuts tlie north-west corner. 

The town has a dei)o, post office, store 
and grain elevator. 

The settlement of South Lawrence is 
loo modern to merit attention. The 
Central Branch runs through it near the 
south line. Lawience was the second 
best timbered township in the county. 

The town of Rice, in this township, is 
located on the C. B. road, has a store, 
post office and elevator. 

STAHK. 

This lownsnip is located in the south- 
east corner of the county, and is con- 
gres.sional townshij) 8, range 1 west. 

We have no record of the first settler. 
Chai)man creek rises in this township 
and fiows south easterly and discharges 
in the Smoky Hill. There is not much 
level land in the township, but the soil 
is good. Here, in the autumn of 1860, 
the writer hunted bufi'alo, there being 
hundreds of thousands of them there. 

Milton vale, is located four miles west 
pf the east line of the township and at 
the terminus of the Kansas Central. 
It is a city of the third class, with a pop 
ulation of five or six himdred. It has a 
good grist mill several business houses 
and a good hotel. 

It has one news pajjer, the Miltonvale 
Xcu-s. 



• GRANT. 

Is the north-west township in the 
county, and one of the best. Buflalo 
creek runs through it from west to east 
and Cheyenne, a tributarj', comes into 
it from the south. 

Fourfifths of th(? land is creek bottom, 
and of the richest quality. Jamestown 
is located near the center east and west, 
but near the southern boiuidarj'. 

This is an enterprising city of the 
third class. The Central Branch passes 
through it and the Mankato and Burr 
Oak l)ranch starts out. The city con- 
tains about seven hundred jjeople. 

It was not far from this site of this 
town where the Western and the East- 
ern Indians had a three days battle in 
1800, in which, we regret to say, not an 
Indian was killed. 

Jamestown has a news paper, T/ic 
K-d)is(ni. owned by Mr. Burton. 

NELSON. 

DThis township is composed of con- 
gressional township six, range two west. 



HIST(3RV OF CLOUD COUNTY 



George Greathou.se aiuU family were the 
first settlers. "Twin mounds, ' are on 
the west branch of Elm creek in tliis 
townsliip and one of' them is on the 
farm of \V'. B. Brisl)ine. Ou the summit 
of this high mound, in July 18(30, were 
nourishing wild black currants. From 
its sides iiowed no springs, not even 
was tliere an indication of one. Yet, 
since the settlement of that country a 
tine spring sprtmg from the west side of 
tile mound and not far from the summit. 
There is a post ortiee in Nel.on town- 
-liip. 

SOLOMON. 

Ho much has teen said of this town- 
ship in the general history that not 
much more is left to be said. It is the 
south-west corner township, with the 
Solomon rive,- running through it from 
west to east. The soil is fertile and well 
adapted to the rai.sing of all the cereals 
and roots of Kansas. 

The town of Solomon numbers aljout 
200 people, has a good grist mill and 
newspaper. The S/oi, Ferd Prince, i)ro- 
})rietor. 



creek in 1851, built his cabin aiul estab- 
lished liis residence. In 1^(50 four fami- 
lies lived in tiie township, and quite a 
number of claims had been taken. Has 
a post office and store. This is con- 
gressional township 8, range H west. 



OAKLANl; 

This township had claimants of land 
as early as 18(51, but we cannot recall 
their names, nor can we determin<^ 
whether they ever became settlers. 

A portion of this township is rugged, 
but the soil is fertile. This is congress- 
ional township 8, range two west. 



BUFFALO. 

James Heftington was the first settler 
of this township, btit abandoned his 
claim. Benjamin White was the hrst 
permanent settler. 

We have said all that needs to be 
said of him and this township in the 
l)ody of this history. 



SUMMIT. 

So called because it lies on the iiight 
of land between the Repulilican and 
Solomon rivers. It is a-very good town- 
ship of land. Has no village. 

LYON. 

Lies east of Solomon and west of 
Mereditli. Is an excellent township of 
land. Too much uncertainty as to the 
tirst settlers to attempt to give them. 
Cool, is the name of the post olHce. 



COLFAX. 

Lies between Starr and Shirley with 
Aurora on the west, and in it Mulberry, 
the east branch of Elm Creek, Beaver 
and Dry creeks, take rise. It is wholly 
upland, but the soil is good. We have 
no record of the tirst pettier. 



AUKOKA 

Lies west of Colfax and is congress- 
ional township 7, range 2 west, it lies 
nearly between the east and west 
branches of Elm creek. It is a good 
township of land. Do not know the 
tirst settler. 



AKION 

Wm. M. Wilcox and family are the 
tirst settlers of this towns'nip. It is 
among the best in the county. Has a 
post otiice and store. 

.MEKEUITH 
A Mr Stone took a claim on Pipe 



THE MILL ENTERPRISE. 

In the month of November 1870 Hil- 
liare Lanoae selected a site for a saw 
and grist mill, wJiere it now stands, 
and in the month of December brought 
from Nebraska his engine, boiler and 
machinery and soon had t!ie saw mill at 
work. A year or two afterwards he 
erected a stone building and put in two 
buri's and began to grind. In 187::^ he 
commenced work on a dam across the 
Republican. This was an enterprise 
that few men, even with an abundance 
of capital to back them, would dare to 
undertake, l)ut Mr. Lanoue, without 
any capital, plunged in and succeeded 
in making a permanent dam, tho' at 
the sacrilice of a good many "damns," 
we fear. Four times the dam broke, 
costing thousands of dollars to repair 
it, but he, and his associates, whom he 
had taken in as partners, heroically 
worked on and spent world's of cash un- 
til they linally succeeded in making a 
permanent dam. The river here is 400 
feet wide and Hows on a bed of sand 
nearly 3.) feet deep. The dam is made 
of brush, rock, sod and jjiles, the latter 
driven through the immense mass of 
the former: ou these are sleepers hrmlj- 
bolted and on them are two inch pine 
platik tirmly spiked. It is jjermanent. 

The founder of the mill, Mr. Lanoue, 
has parted with his interest in it and a 
new company has been f<)rmed with 
H. M. Spalding President. 

All tnc modern improvements for 
making Hour have been added and it is 
now ill eveiy particular a lii'st class 
mereiiant mdl. 



HLS1N)RY OF CLOlfD COCr]S*'ri'. 



AX IMPORTANT INDUSTRY. 

We h:iv(; rofereuce lo the wagou iu;in- 
ut'aetory and repair .shoj) of Hull & Son 
on VVasiilngtou, soutli side of the citv 
windmill and tank. 

This hous^' ha.s had the credit for a 
long time of making the best wagons in 
this markeL, and of being the best and 
most prom])t in rej)airing farm ma- 
chinery, and relaying and pointing 
plows, and witli tile faelities they now 
have they can do blotter work and with 
greater disi)ateii. And besides tiiey can 
do a class of work, with tlie use of tiieir 
new maeinnery, they eould not do with- 
out it. 

They have erected a tine new, iron 
covered lire proof building, two stories 
high, which gives tiiem ample room for 
thecontluct of their business. 

They have just put in and got to run- 
ning, an engine with am])le power to 
runtheir machniery. Also, a large, new 
Screw cutting Power Latiie, of the best 
make, it is capaljle of turning a rod 
of iron ten fct long and cuttinga screw 
any sized thread desiretl the same length. 
It is a very useful piece of maciiinery. 

We may also menticni tiieir jjower 
propelled emerj' stones, whieh are of 
the best known make. There is also a 
large grindstone run by power, for 
grinding plows and suc'.i other articles 
as need grinding. 

There is no class of farm machinery now 
except those needing castings, but what 
this tirm can repair. This will i)rove a 
great saving in time and ex))ense to the 
people of this and other counties. 

Too much credit cannot be given to 
Hull i.^ .Sun for tiicir enterprise and tiiey 
should \Hi patronized by the public. 
They have already expended several 
thousand dollars, and will make other 
'.nvestments and improvements as soon 
as a growing business shall demand. 



book, we ask the patronage of our read- 
ers, we believe them wortny of it and 
will deal honorably with them. 



APOL(^GKTI0. 

We set out to write this history with- 
out lionizing anyone and we feel sure 
that we have succeeded. But we also 
aimed to give due credit where credit 
was due and in this we feel as tho we 
have succeeded. 

All references to the work or acts of the 
writer are regretfully made. It seemed 
however, impossible to write a truth- 
fully history' of the county without mak- 
ing them — we could have followed the ex 
ample of others and u'illfuUy ami false- 
ly omitted such reference. The reader 
can skip them if he wants to without 
otiendiiig us. 

If we appear too harsh in any re- 
marks concerning an}- town or individ- 
ual, we reply that the causes whicii pro- 
voked tiu'm were mucii greater and 
mucii more numerous than appear in 
the book. 

In no case have we said any more 
than what seeiued to us necessary to be 
said, and there we have stopped. 

We iuive [jurposely refrained from giv- 
ing credit to some parties, as "hrst 
settlers," whose over zealous friends 
claimed as such, and for the good and 
substantial reason that we know the 
c/'iiiii is false of our own persona! 
knowledge. 

We set out with the intention of men- 
tioning specially sue!, legislative meas- 
ures as tlie several representatives were 
tlie authors of, but could not procure 
the legislative records in time to do so. 
To all those gentlemen, however, we 
give the credit of doing their duty and 
working for, what they believed to be, 
the best interest of the couutv and State. 



A GOOD WORD FOR OLR ADVERTISERS. 

We have not admitted to these pa<^es 
all wiio wanted advertising space. We 
have exercised caution in this respect, 
and admitteil those only whom we be- 
lieve to be reliable; and so believing, 
we unhesitatingly recommend them to 
the puldic for tneir i)atroiuige. 

This nuich for the business men. 
I'ROFESSH)NAL. 

For till' legal gentlemen we wish to 
say a good word also, ami it is tiiis : 

They are thclj'.'St lawyers in tliis city. 
Legal gentlemen wiio can be relied up- 
on — cccry tiin>'. 

Without hesitation we say of the phys- 
icians and surgeons, they liave no su- 
periors in the county. They are men 
who honor their pc'ofession and never 
shirk a duty or neglect a patient. 

For all thii various businesses and 
profes^iious, represented in this little 



ERRORS. 

The failure, for want of time, to read 
proofs the second time has been the 
cause of some errors, which we wish to 
call attention to. 

On page lU, VAh line from top of first 
column, read "September for August. 

"Tlie correction of the otlicers elected 
(page lU) at tiie tirst election ai)pears 
elsewhere. 

On page 11, line 31 from bottom 2d 
column, for(j reail 20. 

Tliird line below this read "John" for 
Henry. 

Same column lines 11 and 12, read 
"Marling for 'Morely.' 

In spelling some words we have used 
the plionetic .system intentionally, and 
in some cases «/nntentionally. "Tho," 
"altho," "thru," "depo," "program," 
were purposely so si)elled, but "stiring," 
"bufalo," "squirel," is the neglect of 



HISTORY OP CLOUD COUNTY. 



proof reading. We mention tliis for the 
benefit of our children readers. 

The above are all the important errors 
that are discovered at this lime and they 
occur iu the first 16 pages which made 
up the first forms. 



Roster of County Officers and Representa- 
tives Elected sinci^- the County was 
Organized. 
First ill order ar,- ilii.sf appointcil liy the 
G ivernor ti» or lei" Chu lir sit election, caiiv.'SS ilie 
vott'6 ('.as. a ,<l declare tlie result. 

Special Commissi iiieis— M ses Heller, of l^lk 
to\vushi|i; G. VV W.lc )X. or Sll>le.V lownslii,); 
He^ii-'. Lear, of hiriey lou ii.shij); Clerk— A. L). 
Uugam.iii, of .■^liirle.. tou'ii^liii).* 
ISGG. 
Ci)miiii9..ioner l*t Dist., Unknown. 

2a " Will. liiiKUsh. 
" ;> I " Kobt. tv . .siiiitli. 

County clerk, ^v . M. Wilcox. 
Slieriti", (jui icy Ho ley 
liepretfeiitutive. .Joli i i». 'Itipe, 

18G7 
Commiss'Oners, -loh i McCluer, A. A. Br-id . 
for an I ^Viijiaiii K:ij;li.-Ii. 
Clerk, Cliarl.s Davis. 
SiipC of -ciMoU ,). B. Hupe. 
'I reasnrer, Davicl Heller. 
Slieriil', Quiiicy Honey. 
Proliato ./iid.ie, Kd. Veclj-. 
Uepreseutative, J. M. ilagaman. 

I8«8. 
At this election U. s. Grant received for 
r'n^-sideot lOi votes and Seym mr 11. -J. M. 
Harvey, for G >v roor, lOitand Ge >rg.- W Glick 
11. The re.st Of the state ticket run about the 
same way* 
Jlopre^entative elect, I.N Dalryinple. 
Probate . I ud^e, ). .S, Fowler. 
Comniissiouer 31 District, H. C.Snyder. 
•Surveyor, .John 8hearer. 
County AttTney. C Al lvello,g, of Clay Co. 
Count/ Assessor. W. 11 Page. 
Supt. of School., IJ H. JMchckron. 

It 69. 
Uepre«entHtive, A. .J. .Shelhamef. 
Commissioner 1st Dist. J \V II i'a.jc 

•Jd " Chester Dutton 
" 3 1 " -John Murphy 

Sheriff, Georare Hihner 
Coro:ier, ~ ,>f Kansopher 
Clerk, K Fox 
'Jrea.surer, David Heller 
Rfcjcister of Deeds, J 8 Bov»cn 
Surveyor, N II Billings 
Prob.iie.lud.jf.-, Samuel Doran 
Clerk of Dist. (Jourt, C <» Huntress 
<,'o Attorney, Frank Cunniugham, of Clay Co 

1S70. 
Uepr,.sentative, B H Mclickron 
C'.erk Dist Court, W K lieid 
Probate .Judge, D .J Fowler 
Surveyor, .J o .Sawin 
Coiiuty Supt. , S. Doran 
KCounty Attorney, L Westever 

1871. 
Uepresentative, B H McEckrou 
Sheiiff, J M >Voo iward 
Coroner. D B Duiton 
Couunissiouer st Disl., David Turner 

" -J I ' Win English. 

" 3il " H C Synder 

rrea>iurer, \V I i;ampl)ell 
He^isterof Deeds, .J ,S Bowen 

* .\s the townships now are; there were no 
townships then in the county. 

{'..lection ordered for .lie lirst Tuesilay after 
h • first .vlouday iu -Sovembtr, the general eloc- 
tii)j dav. 



County Clerk, W !•: Roid 
Surveyor, Samuel Dorau 

^ la72 

nepreseiitative, H C Snvder 
Pn.liate -Judge, i; \V McDonald 
( lerk Dist. Court, SV E KVid 
(iiunty .Mtorney, II .\ Hunter 
County snpt , ■> Doi-an 
Coroner, D C A t.rt'aler 
Commissioner 3rd Dist., CJ W Carver 

1S7:;. 
Kepre.sentntive, U II Mciickron 
Mu-riQ'. .) M W .."!.. ar.l 
(.■ininer, AVni i\I-'.K Bui'ns 
Cominissi liier 1st Dist., Frank Gagnon 
:i.i •' W M W ilcox 
' ' 3d " Khiiu I'easo 

Treasurer, W -f Campbell, 
i;egi»ter of Dpdls. Alilton lieasoLcr 
Survevor, i. II ^ ni\ ih 
County Clerk, W E ,vei I 
1S74. 
llepresentative 82 I Dist., C K Wells 

6l-t •• 
Pr 'bate -ludge, i L stnrue-! 
Clerk Dist ioiirt. t; !•' Ilostetlor 
County .Si:pt , .•<amnel tioran 
Counlv .\ttornc\,ll • llnnter 

1S7.5. 
lU'i resentative, (ieo V Nicli.ils 
Connt\ Attorne". K W .>^turges 
Sheriff, -John D "vVilsoii 
Coroner, .Nathaniel f'o.x 
Commissioner 1st Di<t., W S '^runip 

" 2 1 ■ ' E E Swearngin 

" 3 1 " Enos Kuslitun 

Cle:k, Eilmnnd .Martin 
'I reasurer, W E Keid 
Ke^i.sierof feeds. Milton Ueasoner 
Survey wr, L H Mn\ th 
A ttoriipy, ■riieo<l'.r(' l.aiiig 
Pndnitedudge, F VV Stur^es, apjiointed to fill 
vacancy 

is7(;. 

Kepresentative 102d Dist., D ( McKay 

1 3d •• C W McDonald 
Probate .lurge, S l» Houston, .Ir 
Clerk o<' Court, C F llos.eller 
Superintenileut, -J C Dana 
County Attorney, F \\ Sturgc* 

1877. 
Sheriff. John D Wilson 
Couity Clerk, E E Swearngin 
Kegisier id" lieeds, C W Whip]) 
Commissioner 1st Dist., D .M Gillespie 
21 " CN .M .oie 
" 3il " A 11 Sjiaulding 

Coroner, -J G Gilmer 
Survey .r, E il JSm\ ili 
'Irtasurer, W E lieid 

1878. 
Cleik Dist. court, C F Ilostetler 
(bounty .\tt(oney, lueo l.aing 
Superintendent," \V I' iCoot 
Pioliate .Jud^e. S |> H .ust >n, .1.- 
Coinmissionesr 1st D st, Clnirle.s Proctor 
liepresentative 10. d Dist, D i, McKay 
" 103 I .Joseph Cool 

1879. 
Treasurer, II M Spalding 
Clerk, E E Swearngin 
Register (d' l>eeds, C W Wliijip 
Sheriff". 1) C >\ ilson 
Surve.or, Its Mci rary 
Coroner, H E Smiili 
Commissioner 2l1 Di t, C F Jloore 

18.0. 
Clerk of Court, C F Ilostetler 
Pri>bate .Ju.i^e, W F Coiupt ni 
(Jou.ily .Vttor.iey, The > Laing 
Superiiiteiidenf," >V' T Root 
Coro.ier. S II Pr.itt 
Commissioui-r 3 I Dist. J F Hannuiu 
Repre-sentativo i02d Dist . W ."^ Crump . 



80 



iaiSTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY. 



" lO^ ! ' ' Joseili Cool 

I>81. ^ 

Treasurer, i- E Swc ir. gin 
t.'ouiitv ( U'vk. N II ustor. 

.SllCrili', .Jnilll I) WiLs Ml 

]Jc;;i.*ti'r<,r De d.<. t W \\h\]>\i 

SU'MM ••!•. .JiUVill ShOVl 

Coroner, S II I'ratr 

CNjFiiiiiissioni'r ist Dist, I. 15 Wiioox 

Ucprcsentiiliiic .-^Is i ist, I. '•■>■ Iior*on 
S2 1 ■ V U' s turves 

Omntv .\itor>ii-v. I W Slicalor 
Tr .li;ite.Jn<l-e,'l) L I'.niwii 
SnixM-inti-'Mlcni , U" i i.oor 
( 1. ik i.fi r.iirl, (■ K llo-tctlcr 
CoiiiniissioiKM-'Jil list, .) CGiiflcrd 

18 3. 
'Irosi-ii'vcr, K V. Swcunigin 
( lerk, \j N lour Ion 
irciiistcr otDceils A II Spauld/ng 
SliiM-iir, .John 1) Wilson 
Cor.oiiM-, l> W I 1-f 
Sinvt'vcir, Sniin'(4 oran 
Coniinission r 1st Dist, A M Lalond 

' ' -'il ' ■ ( arr I'.rown 

1884. 
Ue|ivc'Sfntativo 8ist Hist, G^l Kri'ger 

" 8.il " I) IJ Moore 

Clerk ofi ourl, (; F llnstctler 
Con t\ \tor.i('\ . .1 W shfufov 
Probate .J udgc.'l) L i.rown 
Superinlenilent. T W l.'oauh 
<^,'oininissioner 1st Dist. A M Lar>n(l 

" -<\ " Beni.miiii Lake 



1884 

Blaine, J. G. Rep , , . , 3,093 

Clevelaxl), Gkover I)em 1,155 

Maj I,c37 

St. Joiix, J. P. Prohibition 323 

BuTLEU, B. F. Grecnbock 91 

Maj 133 

Blaine over all 1,213 



ORGANIZATION OF CITIES. 

Concordia, 3(1 class, August 7th 1873 

Clyde, " " 1874 

Jamestown, " July 6th 1883 

Miltonvale, '• October 6th 1883 



PRESIDENTIAL VOTE— 18(i4- 1884. 
1864 



Lincoln, A., Rep 

McClellan, Geo. B. Deni.,. 
Maj 



18(5 3 



Grant, U. S., Rej) 100 

Seymoir, Horatio, Dem 11 

Maj ; 89 

1873 

Grant, U. S. Rep i)30 

(iREELEV, HoRACi:, Liberal Rci).. . . 360 

Maj 660 

187() 

Hayes, K. B. Rep 1.184 

TlLDEN, S. J. Deni 4!-9 

Maj 6!).") 

Cooi'ER, Peter, (irei-nback 7 

1880 

(iARFIELD, J. A. Rep 3,1."6 

Hancock. VV. S. Dem 8:8 

:\Iaj 1,368 

Weaver, J. B. (ireeiil)aok O.") 



CLOUD COUNTY. 

AREA.— LANDS CULTIVATED AND NOT 
CULTIVATED. — AGRICULTURAL PRO- 
DUCTS.— CORN, CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, 
&C., &C. 

No. of square miles in county, 
" " acres in tlie county, 
" " " " cultivation 1881, 
" " " uncultivated 1884, 
" " " of corn 18S4, 
" " " wheat, " 
" " " rye, 
" " " oats, " 

" " " potatoes, " 
" " " broom corn, 
" ;' " Sugar cane, 
" " " all other produce, 
" " heads of horses, 
'■ " " " mules, 
" " " " cattle, 
" " •' " hogs, 
'■ " " " sheep, 
" " school houses. 
" " churches, 
" " Organized cities in 1881, 
" " miles wagon road in Co., 
" " " Republican river in Co., 75 
" " " Solomon river in Co., 30 
" miles railroad in county. Central 
Branch, 

Union Pacific, 

Republican valley branch C. B 

Jewell branch C. B., 

Solomon ])ranch U. P., 

Lawrencelairg branch U. P., 

Burlington tt Missouri. 

Kansas Central, 



730 

460,800 

100,083 

370,717 

131,576 

13,411 

7,005 

16,915 

1,633 

2,359 

401 

181 

8.435 

714 

23,4c3 

47,703 

17,843 

103 

13 

5 

15.00 



.\NNUAL ASSESSMENT FOR 34 YEARS. 



1860* 

1861-"- 

1863-t- $3,000 

186it 5,000 

186lt f^.OJO 

1865t 11,000 

18r>6t 18,000 

1867 31,198 

1858 4.),066.35 

1869 8»,418.6I) 

1870. .. 16>,908.35 

1871... 43.',.-)5l.00 

1881... 



1873 1740,306.08 

1873 751,580.00 

1874 904,545.00 

1875 754 637,00 

1876 788,848.00 

1877 909,036.00 

1878 1,313,8=10.07 

1879 1,63-1163 

1880 3,016,79'.) 

1881 3,145,675 

188 J 3,i76,673 

1883 3,591.765 

.|3.9„8,771. 



' No assessment. 

t Give I ■ .r .111 memory. Was assesicd by 
Washiii'j;lon eountv , Init lie lecorde Were burnt 
wliei) tlio I'reasiirer's ollice oi that co.iiity wns 
bnriied- 

t Kstimated assessment. 



HISTORY OF CLOUD COUNTY 

Township Officers, 1884« 



81 



Township. I Trustee. 



At n W M W'ileox 



Clerk. 



Treasurer. 



Justices. 



Pop. 



Wm MeNelly G AV Do.tk 

Aurora FAThomps'ii; E Letourueau \ Jos Dugas 

Buftalo Jno Millirons John McCowen' Jesse Woods 



D W Ball 



Center j John Myers 

Colfax ! A Morriset 

Elk ERDeBray 

Grant i N M French 

Lawrence. , W Brarawell 
\V H Wright 

A W Bickford 

John Carver 

David Pinnej' 

Montgomery 

J M Ijames 

Sibley ; C V Miller 

Solomon. . . Jacob Studt 

Summit [MDSutherlinj S D Potter 

! 
Starr | James Neill ; B H Howe 



J C Cart in- 



H J Wright i 
^FSWallae-e ; 

F 'A 'riiompson' 
H H F.-azier I 
J H McCoy I 
U Siicpherd j 

Thos Livengood; 

W F Compton 

J W McDonald. 



Lincoln .. 

Lyon 

Meredith. 
Nelson. . . 
Oakland . 
Shirley.. . 



W C Campbell I T Williams L/\. ^1" , ,, 

' jVV C Campbell 

TW Roach P McDonald R \i^I^^o"F 
j j 1 N rage 

L S Kroetch '. R M Stalcy I ^V\ l^^tcrson 
•'J A Ihomas 

Jacob Sliort VVaUerLawry /w r' ^'^'V'S, , 
i ■' J W Campbell 

John Linton iC F Hostetlei- r.4l'\^''/^^''^'^ 

Anderson 

E Butler 



H P Blake i Thos Bu-V^fap/V/T, "/ 

I i^'-J^^^ Pre dm ore 

HHYount ISSO,^®^^ \^^^ ^'1'*^^ 



Abner Colli Q I 
J B Campbell j HBi^^in ' H H Youns: | 



FJ Gilder.sleve WmFerguson 



Eli Lacej-er 



S Sevey 



W A Pierce 

Geo M Kreger 

/ob Gildersleve 

J S Perrv 



S J Roberts (I G Murdock 
A Ott 



S P Linn 
L B Hay 

C A Godley : ^^^ ^^utler 
■' Ed Jones 



A S Wilson H\,^^°"Jf«™^^"-^' 
' n m Rhodes 



O A Loom is 



A B Fry 
J W Slviv 



693 
6ry2 
790 
881 
717 

2235 

1213 
055 

3222 
87(5 
568 
696 
524 

1052 
642 

1173 
881 
978 



Total population of the county 1884, - 18,448 



NEWSPAPERS. 

The K.\n.sa.s Blade. J. M. & J. E. 
Hagaman, editors, publishers and pro- 
prietors. 

The Concordia Empire. Empire Print- 
ing Company, C. W. McDonald, editor. 

Tne Concordia Titnes. Chas. J. Eng- 
lish, editor and proprietor. 

Tne Cloud Coiditij Critic. Tiiomas 
Owen, jr., editor, Concordia. 

Tne Cii/dc Herald. Joan B. Rui)e, ed- 
itor and proprietor, ClydL!. 

The Cii/dc Miil. J. C. C'line & Sons, 
editors and proprietors Clyde. 

Tne Glasco Sun. Ferd Prince, editor 
and prop-ietor, Glasjo. 

Tne M'ltonvalc News. Pinkerton & 
MeDonalJ, editors and proprietors, Mil- 
tonvale. 

Tne Jaia^stown Kansan. Jam-'s and 
Mary Burton, editors, Jamestown. 



CHURCHES OF CLOUD COUNTY. 

Baptist: Organizations, 3; membersiiip 
100; church edtices, 2; value of church 
property, !?4,000. Church of Christ: Or- 
ganizations, 5; membership, 350; church 
ed. flees, 2; value of church property-, 
$2,500. Lutheran: O.ganizations, 1; 
membership, 160. Methodist Episcopal: 
Organizations, 13; membership, 460; 
church edifices, 5; value of church proj)- 
erty. $10,003. Presbyterian; Organiza- 
tions, 7; membership, 252; church edi- 
fices, 4; value of church property, $12,- 
5J0. Roman Catholic: Oiganizaticms, 5; 
m;'mbe:-ship, 1,(k)!); church edifices. 2; 
V ilueofcluirch property, ^'5,()Ji», United 
Pre-byterian: Organizations, 1; mem- 
l)ership, 53. Congregatioiuil: Organiza- 
tions. 1; membersnip. 8. 



n 



;oli iiiU'3 



33 



HISTORY OF OLOUD COUISTT. 

iap of Cfoud County, Kansas. 




ft 



< 



CONGKK. v-IONAL ToMNSHIP MaP. ^ f^^ («»(. 

Township.. _ , //^'^^"^ ^ "^^ C^ 

...„■ - - Couniy, ^ '^ O 

o ^ 







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o 



o 



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'C 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



016 089 548 2 4 







RNK^' 



It lias fatth in the Republican Partj, ami believes it capable, willing and 
i>ETRHMiMEl>'v<> bring about all fe^orms demandeil by an intelligent j^ublic senti- 
ment. • ' , ' 

It recognizes Labor as the foiradatipn (♦! wealth, and tlje laboring tnan 
;iml woman as the most respectable class. z^- 

It despises ^11 monopolies or/gRnized for the'purpose of plunder, and which 
rob la'»or of its just duQS, arid thr^ref^upon the misfortunes and necessities of the 

))eople. . ■ " ~ ' 

It favors Fi-ee Schools and all of them that can be supported, and made and 
kept free from sectarian denomination. v • 

' Ao-riculture, being the princiiKil industry of Kansas, should be fostered ^ 
encourao-ed and protected by wholesome and liberal laws, and espeoially should 
it be freed from that sjlecies of robbery called 'protection,'' which jxrotects 
Eastern monopolies at the expense of Western farmers. 

The BlAt>e has a hired editor whose business it is to furnish evei:y discov- 
ery in Art, Science, Medicine, Geology, Astronomy, Natural History, Agricul. 
ture, and every other department of interest that concerns hnmanit;f.* This 
alone raakfts the paper worth more to a subscriber ^han the cofjt of it. 

The JiJLADE will advocate Temperance and the eufonienaent of all laws. 

These general principles will be adhered to, but it reserves tlie right to 
discuss all political and economic questi<^ns fhafcmay arise, and wlyeh affect the 
rjo-hts and interests of the peeple. 



ONE YEAR, in advance, 

six MONTHS, 

THREE MONTHS, 

TRIAL SUBSCRIPTION, two months, 



$1.50 
75 
40 
26 



Address, 



THE BLA13E, 

Concordia, Kansas. 



